The biological basis of audition

Recanzone, Gregg H.

doi:10.1002/wcs.118

Cited by 20 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 189 publications

(300 reference statements)

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“…The dual-stream hypothesis has found support from other studies13,14. Recanzone and co-workers15 found a tighter correlation of neuronal activity and sound localization in caudal belt, supporting a posterior ‘where’ stream.…”

Section: Streams and Hierarchies In Nonhuman Primate Auditory Cortexmentioning

confidence: 57%

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Maps and streams in the auditory cortex: nonhuman primates illuminate human speech processing

2009

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Speech and language are considered uniquely human abilities: animals have communication systems, but they do not match human linguistic skills in terms of recursive structure and combinatorial power. Yet, in evolution, spoken language must have emerged from neural mechanisms at least partially available in animals. In this paper, we will demonstrate how our understanding of speech perception, one important facet of language, has profited from findings and theory in nonhuman primate studies. Chief among these are physiological and anatomical studies showing that primate auditory cortex, across species, shows patterns of hierarchical structure, topographic mapping and streams of functional processing. We will identify roles for different cortical areas in the perceptual processing of speech and review functional imaging work in humans that bears on our understanding of how the brain decodes and monitors speech. A new model connects structures in the temporal, frontal and parietal lobes linking speech perception and production.Our understanding of speech processing has both benefited and suffered from developments in neuroscience. The basic brain areas important for speech perception and production were established in the nineteenth century, and although our conception of their exact anatomy and function has changed substantially, some of the findings of Broca 1 and Wernicke 2 still stand (Supplementary Discussion 1 and Supplementary Fig. 1 online). What has lagged behind is a good model of how the brain decodes spoken language and how speech perception and speech production are linked. For example, the frameworks for cortical processes and pathways have taken longer to form in audition than in vision, and animal models of language have severe limitations 3 . The evolution of speech and language are likely to have depended on neural systems available in other primate brains. In this paper, we will demonstrate how our understanding of speech perception, one important facet of language, has profited from work in nonhuman primate studies. Streams and hierarchies in nonhuman primate auditory cortex'What' and 'where' pathways in vision and audition A decade ago, it was suggested that auditory cortical processing pathways are organized dually, similar to those in the visual cortex ( Fig. 1 the primary sensory areas into posterior parietal cortex, another pathway into anterior temporal cortex. As in the visual system 6 , the posterior parietal pathway was hypothesized to subserve spatial processing in audition while the temporal pathway subserved the identification of complex patterns or objects. Per the directions of their projections in the auditory system, these pathways were referred to as the postero-dorsal and antero-ventral streams, respectively.Anatomical tract tracing studies in monkeys support separate anterior and posterior projection streams in auditory cortex 7,8 . The long-range connections from the surrounding belt areas project from anterior belt directly to ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) an...

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Section: Streams and Hierarchies In Nonhuman Primate Auditory Cortexmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…Human studies also confirm the role of the postero-dorsal stream in the perception of auditory space and motion (see refs. 30 and 14 for review). But do more than two processing streams exist31 (Fig.…”

Section: Dual Processing Streams In the Auditory Cortex Of Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maps and streams in the auditory cortex: nonhuman primates illuminate human speech processing

2009

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“…C). For example, due to temporal integration by the auditory system (Recanzone & Sutter, ), some short units of production might be produced so rapidly that they are not perceived as separate units. Instead, they might be integrated into a single percept having a pitch proportional to the repetition rate.…”

Section: Acoustic Unitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acoustic sequences in non‐human animals: a tutorial review and prospectus

et al. 2014

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Animal acoustic communication often takes the form of complex sequences, made up of multiple distinct acoustic units. Apart from the well-known example of birdsong, other animals such as insects, amphibians, and mammals (including bats, rodents, primates, and cetaceans) also generate complex acoustic sequences. Occasionally, such as with birdsong, the adaptive role of these sequences seems clear (e.g. mate attraction and territorial defence). More often however, researchers have only begun to characterise – let alone understand – the significance and meaning of acoustic sequences. Hypotheses abound, but there is little agreement as to how sequences should be defined and analysed. Our review aims to outline suitable methods for testing these hypotheses, and to describe the major limitations to our current and near-future knowledge on questions of acoustic sequences. This review and prospectus is the result of a collaborative effort between 43 scientists from the fields of animal behaviour, ecology and evolution, signal processing, machine learning, quantitative linguistics, and information theory, who gathered for a 2013 workshop entitled, “Analysing vocal sequences in animals”. Our goal is to present not just a review of the state of the art, but to propose a methodological framework that summarises what we suggest are the best practices for research in this field, across taxa and across disciplines. We also provide a tutorial-style introduction to some of the most promising algorithmic approaches for analysing sequences. We divide our review into three sections: identifying the distinct units of an acoustic sequence, describing the different ways that information can be contained within a sequence, and analysing the structure of that sequence. Each of these sections is further subdivided to address the key questions and approaches in that area. We propose a uniform, systematic, and comprehensive approach to studying sequences, with the goal of clarifying research terms used in different fields, and facilitating collaboration and comparative studies. Allowing greater interdisciplinary collaboration will facilitate the investigation of many important questions in the evolution of communication and sociality.

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“…It is possible that visuospatial difficulties may influence performance on tests of visual object or picture naming. The perception of sound, in general, involves the ascending auditory system, including nuclei in the brainstem, midbrain, and thalamus (Recanzone & Sutter, 2008). Naming sounds also involves brain areas such as the left ventral infra-temporal region and the left frontal operculum (Tranel et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sound naming in neurodegenerative disease

Chow

Brambati

Gorno‐Tempini

et al. 2010

Brain and Cognition

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Modern cognitive neuroscientific theories and empirical evidence suggest that brain structures involved in movement may be related to action-related semantic knowledge. To test this hypothesis, we examined the naming of environmental sounds in patients with corticobasal degeneration (CBD) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), two neurodegenerative diseases associated with cognitive and motor deficits. Subjects were presented with 56 environmental sounds: 28 of objects that required manipulation when producing the sound, and 28 that required no manipulation. Subjects were asked to provide the name of the object that produced the sound and also complete a sound-picture matching condition. Subjects included 33 individuals from four groups: CBD/PSP, Alzheimer disease, frontotemporal dementia, and normal controls. We hypothesized that CBD/PSP patients would exhibit impaired naming performance compared with controls, but the impairment would be most apparent when naming sounds associated with actions. We also explored neural correlates of naming environmental sounds using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) of brain MRI. As expected, CBD/ PSP patients scored lower on environmental sounds naming (p<0.007) compared with the controls. In particular, the CBD/PSP patients scored the lowest when naming sounds of manipulable objects (p<0.05), but did not show deficits in naming sounds of non-manipulable objects. VBM analysis across all groups showed that performance in naming sounds of manipulable objects correlated with atrophy in the left premotor region, extending from area 6 to the middle and superior frontal gyrus. These results indicate an association between impairment in the retrieval of action-related names and the motor system, and suggest that difficulty in naming manipulable sounds may be related to atrophy in the premotor cortex. Our results support the hypothesis that retrieval of action-related semantic knowledge involves motor regions in the brain.

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The biological basis of audition

Cited by 20 publications

References 189 publications

Maps and streams in the auditory cortex: nonhuman primates illuminate human speech processing

Maps and streams in the auditory cortex: nonhuman primates illuminate human speech processing

Acoustic sequences in non‐human animals: a tutorial review and prospectus

Sound naming in neurodegenerative disease

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