The bioinformatics analysis of RIOX2 gene in lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma

Abstract

Lung cancer is characterized by high morbidity and mortality rates, and it has become an important public health issue worldwide. The occurrence and development of tumors is a multi-gene and multi-stage complex process. As an oncogene, ribosomal oxygenase 2 (RIOX2) has been associated with a variety of cancers. In this article, we analyzed the correlation between RIOX2 expression and methylation in lung cancer based on the databases including the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) (https://portal.gdc.cancer.gov/) and the gene expression omnibus (GEO) (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/). It was found that RIOX2 is highly expressed in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) tissues, whose expression is negatively correlated with its methylation level. In this regard, methylation at cg09716038, cg14773523, cg14941179, and cg22299097 had a significant negative correlation with RIOX2 expression in LUAD, whereas in LUSC, methylation at cg09716038, cg14773523, cg14941179, cg22299097, cg05451573, cg10779801, and cg23629183 is negatively correlated with RIOX2 expression. According to the analysis based on the databases, RIOX2 gene could not be considered as the independent prognostic biomarker in lung adenocarcinoma or squamous cell lung cancer. However, the molecular mechanism of RIOX2 gene in the development of lung cancer may be helpful in improving lung cancer therapy.

The role of BCL-2 family proteins in regulating apoptosis and cancer therapy

“…It is reported that breast cancer is a highly heterogeneous tumor, and its course of disease evolution has experienced complex biological processes such as multi-gene and multi-stage (101). Additionally, Merino et al (102) found that the occurrence of breast cancer is not only related to the mutation, deletion, or activation of some protooncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes but also related to the inhibition of apoptosis. Actually, the BCL-2 gene involved in cell apoptosis is closely related to the occurrence of breast cancer and the proliferation of breast cancer cells.…”

“…Additionally, Merino et al. ( 102 ) found that the occurrence of breast cancer is not only related to the mutation, deletion, or activation of some proto-oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes but also related to the inhibition of apoptosis. Actually, the BCL-2 gene involved in cell apoptosis is closely related to the occurrence of breast cancer and the proliferation of breast cancer cells.…”

Oncogenic Proteomics Approaches for Translational Research and HIV-Associated Malignancy Mechanisms

“…The incorporation of gene chips with quantitative high-throughput proteomics techniques allows for a powerful and efficient gene sequencing tool for mass-scale analyzing differentially regulated genes between normal and tumorigenic tissues. In a similar manner, from previous examples, the integration of cancer bioinformatics has led to the recent discovery of ribosomal oxygenase 2 (RIOX2) as a key oncogene in lung cancer, which also participates as a common factor in a variety of carcinogenic disturbances [ 221 ]. In another study correlating with lung cancer, bioinformatic analysis was used to identify unique proteomic profiles of patient subtypes associated with sex, response, and tumor progression [ 222 ].…”

BCL-2 Protein Ailesi ve Kanser

“…Meme kanserinin oldukça heterojen bir tümör olduğu ve hastalık evrimi sürecinde çok genli ve çok aşamalı gibi karmaşık biyolojik süreçler yaşandığı bilinmektedir (Ilkhomovna, 2021). Ek olarak, (Sun & Zhao, 2021), meme kanseri oluşumunun sadece bazı protoonkojenlerin ve tümör baskılayıcı genlerin mutasyonu, silinmesi veya aktivasyonu ile değil, aynı zamanda apoptozun inhibisyonu ile de ilişkili olduğunu bulmuşlardır. Aslında, hücre apoptozunda yer alan BCL-2 geni, meme kanseri oluşumu ve meme kanseri hücrelerinin çoğalması ile yakından ilişkilidir.…”