The Biogeochemistry of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in the Acushnet River Estuary, Massachusetts

Farrington, J. W.; Davis, Alan C.; Brownawell, Bruce J.; Tripp, Bruce W.; Clifford, C. Hovey; Livramento, Joaquim B.

doi:10.1021/bk-1986-0305.ch011

Cited by 16 publications

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“…Of the species studied, the tricolored heron and snowy egret tend to feed more on invertebrates and smaller fish [17,18], whereas the great blue heron and the Caspian tern feed more on larger fish [17,19]. Invertebrates such as crustaceans or lower trophic level aquatic organisms tend to have a predominance of lower chlorinated biphenyls, whereas fish or higher trophic level organisms tend to accumulate higher chlorinated biphenyls [20,21]. Focardi et al [5] also found that lower chlorinated compounds predominated in aquatic birds feeding on invertebrates and plant material and higher chlorinated biphenyls were more predominant in fisheating birds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Congener‐specific polychlorinated biphenyl patterns in eggs of aquatic birds from the lower laguna madre, texas

Mora

1996

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Abstract-Eggs from four aquatic bird species nesting in the Lower Laguna Madre, Texas, were collected to determine differences and similarities in the accumulation of congener-specific polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and to evaluate PCB impacts on reproduction. Because of the different toxicities of PCB congeners, it is important to know which congeners contribute most to total PCBs. The predominant PCB congeners were 153, 138, 180, 110, 118, 187, and 92. Collectively, congeners 153, 138, and 180 accounted for 26 to 42% of total PCBs. Congener 153 was the most abundant in Caspian terns (Sterna caspia) and great blue herons (Ardea herodias) and congener 138 was the most abundant in snowy egrets (Egretta thula) and tricolored herons (Egretta tricolor). Principal component analysis indicated a predominance of higher chlorinated biphenyls in Caspian terns and great blue herons and lower chlorinated biphenyls in tricolored herons. Snowy egrets had a predominance of pentachlorobiphenyls. These results suggest that there are differences in PCB congener patterns in closely related species and that these differences are more likely associated with the species' diet rather than metabolism. Total PCBs were significantly greater (p Ͻ 0.05) in Caspian terns than in the other species. Overall, PCBs in eggs of birds from the Lower Laguna Madre were below concentrations known to affect bird reproduction.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Congener‐specific polychlorinated biphenyl patterns in eggs of aquatic birds from the lower laguna madre, texas

Mora

1996

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…log Kb = 1.00 log K,, -1.32 (3) There are also significant departures from the predictive relationship (10,63,64 (65) submit that the equation must be modified to take into account molecular shape, e.g., planar and nonplanar PCBs. Hawker (66,67).…”

Section: Physical Chemical Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogeochemical Processes Governing Exposure and Uptake of Organic Pollutant Compounds in Aquatic Organisms

Farrington¹

1991

Environmental Health Perspectives

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This paper reviews current knowledge of biogeochemical cycles of pollutant organic chemicals in aquatic ecosystems with a focus on coastal ecosystems. There is a bias toward discussng chemkal and geochemical aspects ofbiogeochemical cycles and an emphasis on hydrophobic organic compounds such as polynuckar aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, and chlorinated organic compounds used as pesticides. The complexity of mixtures of pollutant organic compounds, their various modes ofentering ecosystems, and their physical chemical forms are discussed. Important factors that influence bioavailability and disposition (e.g., organism-water partitioning, uptake via food, food meb transfer) are reviewed. These factors include solubilities ofchemicals; partitioning ofchemicals between solid surfaces, colloids, and soluble phases; variables rates of sorption, desorption; and physiological status of organism. It appears that more emphasis on considering food as a source of uptake and bioaccumulation is important in benthic and epibenthic ecosystems when sediment-associated pollutants are a nt source ofinput to an aquatic ecosystem. Progress with mathematical models for exposure and uptake of contaminant chemicals is discussed briefly.

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“…Lower molecular weight compounds are volatile and more water soluble, and are not extensively accumulated in animal tissues, while large compounds are not assimilated because of steric hindrances in transport through membranes (Farrington et al, 1986). For example, Stegeman and Teal (1973) found that petroleum hydrocarbon fractions in oyster tissues had a greater aromatic content than the oil to which they were exposed.…”

Section: Exposure and Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

Life history traits and population processes in marine bivalve molluscs

Ripley¹

1998

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In this thesis, I investigated the how the life history characteristics of the clam Mya arenaria determine the population response to chronic contaminant exposure. To predict the potential responses of a broadcast-spawning life history such as that of M. arenaria, I surveyed the literature on a variety of bivalve species. By incorporating information on growth, survival, and reproduction into matrix population models I could evaluate the relative contributions of these factors to fitness. For broadcastspawners, long life is an important factor enabling them to gamble on rare, large recruitment events. Another important aspect of the broadcast spawning strategy is the possibility of high variation in larval settlement from year to year. I evaluated the role that this variability plays using a stochastic matrix model, and showed that it tends to increase population growth because of the larger size of rarer, successful recruitment events.

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The Biogeochemistry of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in the Acushnet River Estuary, Massachusetts

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Congener‐specific polychlorinated biphenyl patterns in eggs of aquatic birds from the lower laguna madre, texas

Congener‐specific polychlorinated biphenyl patterns in eggs of aquatic birds from the lower laguna madre, texas

Biogeochemical Processes Governing Exposure and Uptake of Organic Pollutant Compounds in Aquatic Organisms

Life history traits and population processes in marine bivalve molluscs

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