The biofilm life cycle: expanding the conceptual model of biofilm formation

Sauer, Karin; Stoodley, Paul; Goeres, Darla M.; Hall-Stoodley, Luanne; Burmølle, Mette; Stewart, Philip S.; Bjarnsholt, Thomas

doi:10.1038/s41579-022-00767-0

Cited by 493 publications

(327 citation statements)

References 182 publications

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“…The formation of biofilm during both acute and chronic infection plays a crucial role at protecting extracellular bacilli from immune response and antimicrobial agents, leading to treatment failure (46)(47)(48). Moreover, it is now recognized that biofilms are highly diverse bacterial communities, which depend on the environmental conditions, hardly reflected by in vitro cultures in laboratories (49). Therefore, the detection of biofilm in Mabs S-infected AOs opens new venues to further dissect how human airway influence Mabs biofilm formation and consequences on infection pathobiology, and for testing antibiofilm activity of novel pharmacological compounds (46,50,51).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Druggable redox pathways against M. abscessus in cystic fibrosis patient-derived airway organoids

Leon-Icaza

Bagayoko

Vergé

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Mycobacterium abscessus (Mabs) drives life-shortening mortality in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, primarily because of its resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. Both our knowledge on and models to investigate the host and bacterial determinants that drive Mabs pathology in CF patients remain rudimentary. Here, we evaluated whether the lung organoid technology from CF patients is appropriate for modelling Mabs infection and whether antioxidant treatment is a candidate therapeutic approach in the context of CF disease. We derived airway organoids (AOs) from lung biopsy of a CF patient and characterized these AO by assessing CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) function, mucus and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, lipid peroxidation, and cell death. We microinjected smooth (S-) or rough (R-)Mabs in the lumen of AOs to evaluate its fitness, responses of AOs to infection, and treatment efficacy by colony forming unit assay, qPCR and microscopy. We show that CF patient-derived AOs exhibited low residual CFTR function, enhanced mucus accumulation, and increased oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and cell death at basal state. While in AOs, S Mabs formed biofilm, R Mabs formed cord serpentines and displayed a higher virulence. S and R Mabs replicated more efficiently in CF AOs than in AOs derived from healthy lung. Pharmacological activation of antioxidant pathways resulted in better control of Mabs growth. In conclusion, we have established CF patient-derived AOs as a suitable human system to decipher mechanisms of CF-enhanced respiratory infection by Mabs and confirmed antioxidant approaches as a potential host-directed strategy to improve Mabs infection control.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Druggable redox pathways against M. abscessus in cystic fibrosis patient-derived airway organoids

Leon-Icaza

Bagayoko

Vergé

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Many of these virulence factors are tightly regulated by the three interconnected quorumsensing (QS) communication systems, two of which (the Las and Rhl systems) are based on the production and sensing of N-acyl-homoserine lactones (AHL), and the PQS system, which depends on 4-hydroxy-2-alkylquinolines (HAQ) [7]. Chronic infections are mostly associated with biofilms, which are organized communities of microorganisms bound to a surface or interface and/or to each other and are embedded into a self-produced exopolymeric matrix consisting of exopolysaccharides, extracellular DNA, outer membrane vesicles, and proteins [8,9], in association with secretions from infected tissue [10]. P. aeruginosa, similar to most bacteria, is able to form biofilms at the air/liquid interface known as pellicles [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Phthalates and Their Substitutes on the Physiology of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

et al. 2022

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Phthalates are used in a variety of applications—for example, as plasticizers in polyvinylchloride products to improve their flexibility—and can be easily released into the environment. In addition to being major persistent organic environmental pollutants, some phthalates are responsible for the carcinogenicity, teratogenicity, and endocrine disruption that are notably affecting steroidogenesis in mammals. Numerous studies have thus focused on deciphering their effects on mammals and eukaryotic cells. While multicellular organisms such as humans are known to display various microbiota, including all of the microorganisms that may be commensal, symbiotic, or pathogenic, few studies have aimed at investigating the relationships between phthalates and bacteria, notably regarding their effects on opportunistic pathogens and the severity of the associated pathologies. Herein, the effects of phthalates and their substitutes were investigated on the human pathogen, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, in terms of physiology, virulence, susceptibility to antibiotics, and ability to form biofilms. We show in particular that most of these compounds increased biofilm formation, while some of them enhanced the bacterial membrane fluidity and altered the bacterial morphology.

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“…Biofilms are structured microbial communities that are either attached to a surface or occur as suspended or embedded aggregates 8 . Various gradients (oxygen, nutrients, antimicrobial agents, …) are present in biofilms, resulting in the development of spatially structured niches with distinct environmental conditions 9 and these microenvironments co-determine the outcome of biofilm-related infections, as they directly impact on bacterial growth and metabolism, as well as on the effect of antimicrobial treatment [10][11][12][13] .…”

Section: Biofilms Are Structured Microenvironments-why Does That Matt...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofilm antimicrobial susceptibility through an experimental evolutionary lens

Coenye

Bové

Bjarnsholt

2022

npj Biofilms Microbiomes

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Experimental evolution experiments in which bacterial populations are repeatedly exposed to an antimicrobial treatment, and examination of the genotype and phenotype of the resulting evolved bacteria, can help shed light on mechanisms behind reduced susceptibility. In this review we present an overview of why it is important to include biofilms in experimental evolution, which approaches are available to study experimental evolution in biofilms and what experimental evolution has taught us about tolerance and resistance in biofilms. Finally, we present an emerging consensus view on biofilm antimicrobial susceptibility supported by data obtained during experimental evolution studies.

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The biofilm life cycle: expanding the conceptual model of biofilm formation

Cited by 493 publications

References 182 publications

Druggable redox pathways against M. abscessus in cystic fibrosis patient-derived airway organoids

Druggable redox pathways against M. abscessus in cystic fibrosis patient-derived airway organoids

Effect of Phthalates and Their Substitutes on the Physiology of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Biofilm antimicrobial susceptibility through an experimental evolutionary lens

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