The bioenergetics of density-dependent growth in Arctic char (<i>Salvelinus alpinus</i>)

Guénard, Guillaume; Boisclair, Daniel; Ugedal, Ola; Forseth, Torbjørn; Fleming, Ian A.; Jönsson, Bror

doi:10.1139/f2012-093

Cited by 12 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…; Guénard et al. ); however, the patterns of growth were more complex in our study. Results indicate no effect of density and proportional climates (treatment) on wild or domestic fish (Fig.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

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Can conservation‐oriented, captive breeding limit behavioural and growth divergence between offspring of wild and captive origin Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)?

Wilke

O’Reilly

Macdonald

et al. 2014

Ecology of Freshwater Fish

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Captive rearing is being used increasingly to maintain demographics and genetic diversity of threatened fish populations and species, but its effectiveness can be hindered by domestication, that is, inadvertent selection for performance in captivity at the cost of that in the wild. Some captive rearing programmes have begun to take steps to limit such domestication, but the results are ambiguous, as the degree of generational exposure to captivity is often difficult to control. Using an endangered population of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) currently undergoing conservation‐oriented captive rearing, we tested for domestication effects on dominance (dyadic trials) and growth (seminatural stream channels with differing densities and group proportions) of juvenile offspring of wild and captive origin parents. Pedigree data afforded the ability to compare these effects among three specific study groups: wild, single‐generation captives and two to three generation captives. Our results indicate that, despite conservation breeding practices, a divergence in growth can occur in as little as one generation without divergence in dominance behaviour. Further, evidence suggests that trait divergence did not increase with generations in captivity. Given the experimental design, results and supporting literature, we conclude that this contemporary divergence is likely genetic and driven by a combination of factors, including variation in selective histories influencing behaviour.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

“…; Guénard et al. ), the cause of the divergence probably involves some combination of these processes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Can conservation‐oriented, captive breeding limit behavioural and growth divergence between offspring of wild and captive origin Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)?

Wilke

O’Reilly

Macdonald

et al. 2014

Ecology of Freshwater Fish

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…), but how individuals may modify their diel activity in response to increased competition has received less attention (Guénard et al. ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…; Guénard et al. ), increased interference (Blanchet et al. ), reduced growth efficiency (Guénard et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Density‐dependent diel activity in stream‐dwelling Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus

Fingerle

Larranaga

Steingrímsson

2016

Ecology and Evolution

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Intraspecific competition plays a significant role in shaping how animals use and share habitats in space and time. However, the way individuals may modify their diel activity in response to increased competition has received limited attention. We used juvenile (age 1+) Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus to test the prediction that individuals at high population density are more active and distribute their foraging activity over a greater portion of the 24‐h cycle than individuals at low population density. Individually tagged fish were stocked in seminatural stream enclosures at low (2 fish/m2) and high (6 fish/m2) density. During each of two 2‐week experimental rounds, activity of all fish within each enclosure was recorded every 3 h over seven 24‐h cycles. At high density, fish were more active and distributed their activity over a greater portion of the 24‐h cycle, with increased activity particularly at crepuscular times. Fluctuations in ecological conditions (e.g., water temperature and light intensity) also affected activity. Fish at high density grew as fast as fish at low density. This study demonstrates that individuals exhibit a degree of behavioral flexibility in their response to changes in ecological conditions and suggests that intraspecific competition can cause animals to modify temporal aspects of their activity to gain access to resources and maintain growth.

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“…The effect for large trout may be related to size- Biomass percentages (AESE) of terrestrial, aquatic and 'other' taxa in the diets of large and small trout for the June-July and July-August periods, respectively. Activity is an important part of the energy budget of trout, and decreased activity increases the energy surplus useable for growth (Guenard et al, 2012). (U = ambient levels of terrestrial input and no large wood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of woody debris and the supply of terrestrial invertebrates on the diet and growth of brown trout (Salmo trutta) in a boreal stream

2014

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Summary Changes to the riparian vegetation of forest streams during timber harvesting may have considerable impacts on stream biota, but few studies have attempted to separate the effects of individual factors that are altered during clear‐felling operations. We studied the effects of large wood and terrestrial invertebrate supply, two factors affected by forest harvesting, on the growth and diet of two size classes of brown trout (Salmo trutta) during a two‐month (June–August) field enclosure experiment. Twelve 20‐m‐long enclosed stream reaches were used in a 2 × 2 factorial design, with large wood either absent or added to mimic pre‐modern forestry conditions, and terrestrial invertebrate inputs either reduced or maintained at ambient levels. The addition of large wood had a positive effect on the growth of large trout but no effect on small trout, whereas terrestrial invertebrate input had no effect on the growth of either size class. Growth rates were highest in the treatment with ambient terrestrial invertebrate inputs and added wood, were lowest in the treatment with reduced terrestrial invertebrate inputs and no added wood and were intermediate in the other two treatments. Dietary analyses showed no difference in treatments with and without added wood, perhaps because instream wood influences growth by producing profitable stream positions for trout, rather than by acting as a source of prey. Terrestrial invertebrate inputs affected the diet, as trout in enclosures with reduced inputs had a lower proportion of terrestrial invertebrate biomass in the diet than trout in enclosures with ambient terrestrial inputs. Our results suggest that leaving woody debris in streams when harvesting forests may enhance trout growth and that this is probably due to the physical changes in depth and current velocity caused by the wood rather than to changes in dietary prey composition.

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The bioenergetics of density-dependent growth in Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus)

Cited by 12 publications

References 55 publications

Can conservation‐oriented, captive breeding limit behavioural and growth divergence between offspring of wild and captive origin Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)?

Can conservation‐oriented, captive breeding limit behavioural and growth divergence between offspring of wild and captive origin Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)?

Density‐dependent diel activity in stream‐dwelling Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus

Effects of woody debris and the supply of terrestrial invertebrates on the diet and growth of brown trout (Salmo trutta) in a boreal stream

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