The Bioeconomy of Production of Microalgal Pigments

Jeevanandam, Jaison; Choudhary, Vandana; Selvam, Jaya Divya; Danquah, Michael K.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-50971-2_14

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 191 publications

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“…Another common way to evaluate the antioxidant power generated mainly by the natural astaxanthin contained in H. pluvialis is by contrast with its synthetic alternative. Thus, the mean TEAC values of synthetic astaxanthin range between 2.21 and 2.43 mmolTE g −1 DW (Jaime et al 2010;Régnier et al 2015) which, despite being higher than the values obtained for the ethanol extract of H. pluvialis MSPD in red phase, is synthesised by petrochemical processes that often raise alarming food safety issues with potential toxicity in the final product (Jeevanandam et al 2020). In addition, synthetic production also presents challenges in terms of sustainability and potential environmental impact in the manufacturing process (Li et al 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Multicomponent bioactive extract from red stage Haematococcus pluvialis wet paste: avoiding the drying step and toxic solvents

et al. 2022

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This study provides an efficient alternative by extracting bioactive compounds from Haematococcus pluvialis via matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) from its wet form, reducing one of the process steps with the greatest economic impact, the drying of the microalga. To obtain a suitable extract for nutraceutical purposes, solvents with the generally recognised as safe (GRAS) designation (ethanol, ethyl lactate, and ethyl acetate) with limitations of use (acetone) and extractants with higher toxicity such as methanol and methyl-tert-butyl ether (MTBE) are contrasted. Through the optimisation of the extractive process, ethanol, a GRAS solvent, presents the best overall recovery for carotenoid compounds and fatty acids, showing an antioxidant activity of 1.58 mmolTE g−1 DW, comparable to its synthetic alternative of petrochemical origin without the drawback of having limitations in its food use. In addition, the identification of the phenolic compounds, phloroglucinol, p-coumaric acid, gallic acid, and catechin, not previously characterised in red stage H. pluvialis, provides a response to the phenolic activity present in the extract (24.65 mmolGAE g−1 DW). Comparison of the extractive efficiency obtained with the main methods for the extraction of carotenoids and fatty acids in H. pluvialis, in contrast to the proposed method, shows a positive feasibility of this approach.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Multicomponent bioactive extract from red stage Haematococcus pluvialis wet paste: avoiding the drying step and toxic solvents

et al. 2022

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“…and vegetables like carrots and pumpkins, β-carotene is an isomer form of α-carotene (Figure 1). The latter compound is also found in these vegetables and in cereals like corn and fruits like peaches and apples [10]. Since β-carotene bioconversion efficiencies surpass those of α-carotene, it is more abundantly distributed among the vegetal kingdom [11].…”

Section: Alpha and Beta-carotenementioning

confidence: 99%

Carotenoids as Natural Colorful Additives for the Food Industry

Lourenço-Lopes¹,

Carreira-Casais²,

Fraga-Corral³

et al. 2022

Natural Food Additives

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The application of natural colorants is increasing in the food industry because they are considered safer and healthier than some synthetic pigments. Natural colorants can improve the organoleptic properties of foodstuffs, provide additional benefits such as enhance their nutritional value and/or extend shelf-life. Plants, fungi, bacteria or algae naturally produce different natural colorants, including carotenoids. These compounds are classified into two main groups: pure hydrocarbon carotenes (α- and β-carotenes, lycopene) and oxygenated derivatives of xanthophylls (lutein, zeaxanthin, astaxanthin, fucoxanthin, cryptoxanthin, etc.). Carotenoids have been related with beneficial properties like antioxidant, antidiabetic, antitumor or antimicrobial, so they are a natural and healthy alternative to the use of synthetic colorants. Thus, it is critical to optimize their extraction, by utilizing novel and green techniques, and their stability through encapsulation processes. This chapter aims to review natural sources of carotenoids, strategies to efficiently extract and produce them and their potential application as food colorants.

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“…Chlorophylls are the most significant group of light-harvesting pigments found in all microalgae [13]. For these pigments that make up the photosynthetic machinery of algae (chlorophylls, carotenoids, phycobiliproteins), a thriving industry has developed, producing ever-increasing quantities of pigments that have been shown to have beneficial effects on human health [17][18][19]. For example, the carotenes and xanthophylls found in all microalgae (eukaryotes and cyanobacteria), as well as the phycocyanin of cyanobacteria, have potent antioxidant and possibly anticancer effects [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantity and Quality of Light on Growth and Pigment Content of <em>Dunaliella</em> sp. and <em>Anabaena</em> sp. Cultures and the Use of Their Absorption Spectra as a Proxy Method for Assessment

Hotos¹

2023

Preprint

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(1) Background: Microalgae cultures are greatly facilitated if growers can easily and economically ascertain the quantitative and qualitative status of the culture continuously with satisfactory ac-curacy. (2) Methods: The locally isolated microalgae Dunaliella sp. and Anabaena sp. were cultured in small volumes with 2 intensities of white light (2000 and 8000 lux) and with green, blue and red light and the increase of their biomass and pigments was studied. Pigment analyses, continuous recordings of absorption spectra and calibration curves were performed. (3) Results: The intensity of 8000 lux white light yielded the highest increase in biomass, chlorophylls and carotenoids in Dunaliella sp. while 2000 lux and green light caused the greatest increase in biomass and phy-cocyanin in Anabaena sp. From the examination of the absorption spectra, the evolution of the pigment content can be estimated and both pigments and biomass are correlated very satisfactorily with the wavelength of 750 nm. (4) Conclusions: The use of absorption spectra as an easy, fast and economical method can be a useful tool for a good approximation of the state of the microalgae culture. This is clearly shown when the spectra of the culture under different lighting colors are compared which have a catalytic effect on the level of the pigments leading to the increase in carotenoids and phycocyanin of the green light.

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The Bioeconomy of Production of Microalgal Pigments

Cited by 6 publications

References 191 publications

Multicomponent bioactive extract from red stage Haematococcus pluvialis wet paste: avoiding the drying step and toxic solvents

Multicomponent bioactive extract from red stage Haematococcus pluvialis wet paste: avoiding the drying step and toxic solvents

Carotenoids as Natural Colorful Additives for the Food Industry

Quantity and Quality of Light on Growth and Pigment Content of <em>Dunaliella</em> sp. and <em>Anabaena</em> sp. Cultures and the Use of Their Absorption Spectra as a Proxy Method for Assessment

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