The biocompatible polythiophene-g-polycaprolactone copolymer as an efficient dopamine sensor platform

Abstract

Amphiphilic copolymers consisting of an all conjugated polythiophene backbone and sparsely attached oligo-ε-caprolactone side chains have been prepared.

An amphiphilic, heterografted polythiophene copolymer containing biocompatible/biodegradable side chains for use as an (electro)active surface in biomedical applications

“…Thiophene-ended oligo--caprolactone (Th-PCL) macromonomer was synthesized using a previously reported procedure, 28 with the only difference of the molar ratio between initiator and monomer ([I]/[M]), which has been changed from 1/20, in previous work, to 1/18 in this work. The molecular weight of this macromonomer, as estimated from the 1 H-NMR data (Mn H-NMR) was 2283 Da.…”

“…In recent years, we have developed several amphiphilic and biocompatible PTh-based grafted copolymers using the "grafting-through" approach (also named macromonomer method). [27][28][29] For this purpose, chemically synthesized thiophene (Th)-based macromonomers bearing a PEG or PCL side chains with low molecular weight have been polymerized, or copolymerized to space out the biocompatible side blocks, via electrochemical copolymerization. 14,[27][28][29] Moreover, the applicability of these materials as bioactive cellular matrices and electroactive bioadhesive surfaces for biomedical and biotechnological applications, respectively, was demonstrated.…”

“…[27][28][29] For this purpose, chemically synthesized thiophene (Th)-based macromonomers bearing a PEG or PCL side chains with low molecular weight have been polymerized, or copolymerized to space out the biocompatible side blocks, via electrochemical copolymerization. 14,[27][28][29] Moreover, the applicability of these materials as bioactive cellular matrices and electroactive bioadhesive surfaces for biomedical and biotechnological applications, respectively, was demonstrated. 14,[27][28][29] Furthermore, the PTh-based graft copolymers bearing low molecular weight PCL chains showed a sensitive and selective capability for dopamine (DA) detection, proving that such hybrid materials are potential candidates for the fabrication of implantable DA sensors.…”

“…14,[27][28][29] Moreover, the applicability of these materials as bioactive cellular matrices and electroactive bioadhesive surfaces for biomedical and biotechnological applications, respectively, was demonstrated. 14,[27][28][29] Furthermore, the PTh-based graft copolymers bearing low molecular weight PCL chains showed a sensitive and selective capability for dopamine (DA) detection, proving that such hybrid materials are potential candidates for the fabrication of implantable DA sensors. 28 Nowadays, the development of biosensing devices for the detection of β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) has gained interest because of its participation as enzymatic cofactor in more than 300 dehydrogenases and as electron carrier in cell processes associated to energy production.…”

“…14,[27][28][29] Furthermore, the PTh-based graft copolymers bearing low molecular weight PCL chains showed a sensitive and selective capability for dopamine (DA) detection, proving that such hybrid materials are potential candidates for the fabrication of implantable DA sensors. 28 Nowadays, the development of biosensing devices for the detection of β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) has gained interest because of its participation as enzymatic cofactor in more than 300 dehydrogenases and as electron carrier in cell processes associated to energy production. 30,31 Among the NADH detection methods, the electrochemical ones are highlighted because of their advantages: easy handling, small sampling volume, less-interferences, user friendly, easily applicable for field analysis and less cost.…”