The bioclimatic belts of the Venezuelan Andes in the State of Merida

Costa, Manuel; Cegarra, Alexander; Lugo, Leonardo; Lozada, José Guevara

doi:10.1127/0340-269x/2007/0037-0711

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 1 publication

(1 reference statement)

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“…These factors and the tropical localization are the central responsible higher diversity of ecosystems present in the region (Chacón-Moreno et al, 2013). As a result of this climate variability, vegetational belts are clearly defined along the altitudinal gradient (Monasterio, 1980a;Ataroff and Sarmiento, 2004;Costa et al, 2007;Josse et al, 2009;Chacón-Moreno et al, 2013;Llambí and Rada, 2019;Chacón-Moreno and Suárez del Moral, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Global Change on the Spatial Dynamics of Treeline in Venezuelan Andes

et al. 2021

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The treeline in the Andes is considered an essential ecotone between the Montane forest and Páramo. This treeline in the Venezuelan Andes corresponds with a transitional ecosystem defined as the Páramo forest. In this work, we identify and analyze the impact of climate warming and land transformation as agents altering the Páramo forest ecosystem’s spatial dynamics along the Venezuelan Andes’ altitudinal gradient. We carry out multitemporal studies of 57 years of the land transformation at different landscapes of the Cordillera de Mérida and made a detailed analysis to understand the replacement of the ecosystems potential distribution. We found that the main ecosystem transition is from Páramo to the Páramo forest and from Páramo to the Montane forest. Based on the difference between the current lower Páramo limit and the Forest upper limit for 1952, the treeline border’s displacement is 72.7 m in the 57 years of study, representing ∼12.8 m per decade. These changes are mainly driven by climate warming and are carried out through an ecological process of densification of the woody composition instead of the shrubland structure. We found that Páramo forest ecosystems practically have been replaced by the Pastures and fallow vegetation, and the Crops. We present a synthesis of the transition and displacement of the different ecosystems and vegetation types in the treeline zone. The impact of climate warming and deforestation on the Páramo forest as a representative ecosystem of the treeline shows us that this study is necessary for an integrated global change adaptation plan.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Global Change on the Spatial Dynamics of Treeline in Venezuelan Andes

et al. 2021

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“…On the one hand, the approach has helped to express climatic patterns along gradients; on the other, it substantially facilitates the chorological expression of these climatic patterns. Description of climatic patterns along gradients has been done elsewhere in Mexico (Gime ´nez and Gonza ´lez 2011) as well as in other temperate and tropical biogeographical realms (Navarro 1997, Costa et al 2007, Cress et al 2009). As opposed to other climatic classification schemes widely used in Mexico, such as the Ko ¨ppen classification modified by Enriqueta Garcı ´a (Garcı ´a 1973), or other ones used in Central America (Holdridge 1967), the bioclimatic approach computes its index threshold based on stressful periods where the native vegetation is directly affected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The data are transformed into indices to provide a classification system, which depicts patterns along gradients (Rivas-Martı ´nez 2005, Rivas-Martı ´nez et al 2011b. This approach has been rigorously applied in Temperate, Mediterranean and Boreal ecosystems (Del Rı ´o 2005, Peinado et al 2008, Cress et al 2009, Gonzalo 2010, and has recently been applied to a limited number of examples in tropical areas (e.g., Navarro (1997) for Bolivia; Costa et al (2007) for Venezuela).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioclimatic mapping as a new method to assess effects of climatic change

Merino

Azcárate

2015

Ecosphere

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Citation: Gopar-Merino, L. F., A. Velázquez, and J. Giménez de Azcárate. 2015. Bioclimatic mapping as a new method to assess effects of climatic change. Ecosphere 6(1):13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/ES14-00138.1Abstract. Rigorous mapping of climatic patterns outstands as one of the mayor issues concerning climatic change. This paper investigates the extent of the bioclimatic approach to develop a rigorous cartographic methodology to express climatic diversity patterns. Michoacan, Mexico was chosen to represent a region of complex geo-ecological layout where the Nearctic and Neotropical biogeographical realms converge. Bioclimatic indices were computed and their spatial expression was processed in a Geographic Information System. Ground verification was performed at 93 sites across the province. In addition, from 2010 until 2012, more than 2000 kilometers of roads were surveyed to gather data on isobioclimate boundaries. In total, one macrobioclimate, two bioclimates, four thermotypes, five ombrotypes and 14 isobioclimates were distinguished in Michoacan. The Tropical pluviseasonal bioclimate was the predominant bioclimate, covering 56.17% of the province. The Tropical xeric covers 43.82% and the Tropical pluvial is practically negligible, covering 0.01% of the entire province. The relevance of the outcome is discussed in light of its potential use for assessing likely effects of climatic change.

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“…Other studies are also concerned with some mountainous regions as Eastern Alps [7], Venezuelan Andes [8] or the territories bordered the ocean as Yucatan Peninsula (Mexico) [9], Canary Island (Spanish archipelago) [10], Iberian Peninsula [11], etc. AThese research projects clearly show that the authors have focused on the interrelation between climate and the distribution of living organisms, in particular, plants and plant communities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Creation of Bioclimatic Vegetation Map to Develop Sustainable Agro Forestry in Ba and Kone River Basin, Vietnam

Xuan¹,

Văn²,

Oanh³

et al. 2021

Ukr. geogr. z.

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Bioclimate and natural vegetation have a long - term relationship that identify the potential vegetation distribution at different areas. For that reason, bioclimatic classification system was applied to the territory of Ba and Kone river basin, Vietnam. The precipitation and temperature dataset of Ba and Kone river basin was collected from 17 climate, hydrology, rain gauge stations which allowed to create a bioclimatic map at a scale of 1:250.000. Three bioclimatic factors of thermal-moisture basic conditions such as annual temperature (TN), annual rainfall (RN), length of dry season (n) are selected as criteria system of Ba and Kone river basin’s bioclimate. In order to describe the relationships between bioclimatic variables and zonal vegetation units, the resulting map presented 12 bioclimatic units corresponding distribution of vegetation from low to high altitudes. By building bioclimatology map in Ba and Kone river basin, the government can develop sustainable agro forestry in Central Highlands and South Central Coast of Vietnam.

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The bioclimatic belts of the Venezuelan Andes in the State of Merida

Cited by 9 publications

References 1 publication

Impacts of Global Change on the Spatial Dynamics of Treeline in Venezuelan Andes

Impacts of Global Change on the Spatial Dynamics of Treeline in Venezuelan Andes

Bioclimatic mapping as a new method to assess effects of climatic change

The Creation of Bioclimatic Vegetation Map to Develop Sustainable Agro Forestry in Ba and Kone River Basin, Vietnam

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