The Biochemistry of Sugars and Polysaccharides in Insects

Wyatt, G.R.

doi:10.1016/s0065-2806(08)60210-6

Cited by 409 publications

(191 citation statements)

References 161 publications

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“…Since digestibility of starch in diapausing and nondiapausing strains is quite different, the starch content in artificial diet could be manipulated to study the quantitative relationship of digestive amylase and starch content with respect to larval growth and survival. The function of haemolymph amylase is not fully understood although Wyatt (1967) suggested its possible involvement in the degradation of fat body glycogen. The presence of this enzyme in abundance during larval development in both diapausing and nondiapausing strains imply that this enzyme has some important physiological role.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical studies of amylases in the silkworm, Bombyx mori L.: Comparative analysis in diapausing and nondiapausing strains

Abraham

Nagaraju

Datta

1992

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

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Abstract--Different amylase enzymes were identified by analysis of digestive fluid and haemolymph in diapausing and nondiapausing strains of silkworm, Bombyx mori. The diapausing strain showed negligible digestive amylase activity at a pH range of 3-11, while the nondiapausing strain registered strikingly higher amylase activity at pH 9.2. Higher levels of undigested starch was found in the faecal matter of the diapausing strain, which is consistent with the negligible digestive amylase activity. Developmental specific expression of haemolymph amylase activity was seen in nondiapausing and diapausing strains. In the nondiapausing strain the digestive amylase activity was at its peak during intermoult and depressed during moult. PAGE analysis revealed the occurrence of only anodal digestive and haemolymph amylases in the diapausing strain, whereas both cathodal and anodal enzymes were seen in the digestive fluid and haemolymph of the nondiapausing strain.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical studies of amylases in the silkworm, Bombyx mori L.: Comparative analysis in diapausing and nondiapausing strains

Abraham

Nagaraju

Datta

1992

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

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“…It is predominantly synthesized in the fat body and released into the hemolymph (21). Although 44 homologues containing a sugar transporter motif exist in Drosophila melanogaster, according to the protein family database (Pfam; www.sangar.ac.uk/Software/Pfam/), thus far no trehalose transporter has been identified because it is not possible to estimate the substrate specificity from the primary structure alone.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Trehalose transporter 1, a facilitated and high-capacity trehalose transporter, allows exogenous trehalose uptake into cells

Kikawada

Saito

Kanamori

et al. 2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

220

211

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Trehalose is potentially a useful cryo-or anhydroprotectant molecule for cells and biomolecules such as proteins and nucleotides. A major obstacle to application is that cellular membranes are impermeable to trehalose. In this study, we isolated and characterized the functions of a facilitated trehalose transporter [trehalose transporter 1 (TRET1)] from an anhydrobiotic insect, Polypedilum vanderplanki. Tret1 cDNA encodes a 504-aa protein with 12 predicted transmembrane structures. Tret1 expression was induced by either desiccation or salinity stress. Expression was predominant in the fat body and occurred concomitantly with the accumulation of trehalose, indicating that TRET1 is involved in transporting trehalose synthesized in the fat body into the hemolymph. Functional expression of TRET1 in Xenopus oocytes showed that transport activity was stereochemically specific for trehalose and independent of extracellular pH (between 4.0 and 9.0) and electrochemical membrane potential. These results indicate that TRET1 is a trehalose-specific facilitated transporter and that the direction of transport is reversible depending on the concentration gradient of trehalose. The extraordinarily high values for apparent K m (>100 mM) and Vmax (>500 pmol/min per oocyte) for trehalose both indicate that TRET1 is a high-capacity transporter of trehalose. Furthermore, TRET1 was found to function in mammalian cells, suggesting that it confers trehalose permeability on cells, including those of vertebrates as well as insects. These characteristic features imply that TRET1 in combination with trehalose has high potential for basic and practical applications in vivo.anhydrobiosis ͉ insect ͉ trehalose transport ͉ Polypedilum vanderplanki dessication-inducible gene

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“…It is worthy to note that the amount of hemolymph carbohydrates in P. megistus is considerably smaller than that of insects that use carbohydrates as fuel (Wyatt 1967, Jutsum & Goldsworthy 1976. In this vector we observed that flight increases the expenditure of carbohydrates: it was shown that a rapid decrease of the hemolymph carbohydrate concentration and the glycogen stores in flight muscle significantly declined during the first 15 min of flight.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Flight metabolism in Panstrongylus megistus (Hemiptera: Reduviidae): the role of carbohydrates and lipids

Canavoso

Stariolo

Rubiolo

2003

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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The Biochemistry of Sugars and Polysaccharides in Insects

Cited by 409 publications

References 161 publications

Biochemical studies of amylases in the silkworm, Bombyx mori L.: Comparative analysis in diapausing and nondiapausing strains

Biochemical studies of amylases in the silkworm, Bombyx mori L.: Comparative analysis in diapausing and nondiapausing strains

Trehalose transporter 1, a facilitated and high-capacity trehalose transporter, allows exogenous trehalose uptake into cells

Flight metabolism in Panstrongylus megistus (Hemiptera: Reduviidae): the role of carbohydrates and lipids

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