The Biochemistry of Affective Disorders

Weil‐Malherbe, H.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-7172-8_16

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 275 publications

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“…Our findings and those of other workers are compatible with the catecholamine hypothesis of affective disorders, which postulates that endogenous depression is related to a deficiency of brain catecholamines (29). Clinically, MAO inhibitors increase the levels of transmitter amines and relieve endogenous depression (29).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Possible Rationale for Procaine (Gerovital H3) Therapy in Geriatrics: Inhibition of Monoamine Oxidase

MacFarlane

1973

J American Geriatrics Society

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Gerovital H3, a specially formulated preparation of procaine hydrochloride, has been employed for several years in the treatment of various manifestations of aging. Heretofore, there has been no pharmacologic basis for its use in geriatric patients, although procaine hydrochloride and inhibitors of the enzyme, monoamine oxidase (MAO), are known to have many of the same pharmacologic actions. The relative effectiveness of Gerovital H3, commercial procaine hydrochloride (Novocain), and iproniazid as MAO inhibitors was studied by means of tests involving serotonin and kynuramine metabolism by rat-brain MAO. Gerovital H3 was a more effective MAO inhibitor than commercial procaine hydrochloride but was a less effective inhibitor than iproniazid. Moreover, Gerovital H3 seemed to have a selective affinity for certain of the multiple forms of MAO. These results, in view of the recent observations on MAO levels and aging, may offer a rationale for Gerovital H3 therapy in the elderly.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Possible Rationale for Procaine (Gerovital H3) Therapy in Geriatrics: Inhibition of Monoamine Oxidase

MacFarlane

1973

J American Geriatrics Society

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“…However, to date, large bodies of studies have suggested that the etiopathogenesis of depression appears to be influenced by a wide variety of factors, such as neural and structural plasticity, neurotransmitter systems, and epigenetic and genetic susceptibility. [ 5 6 7 8 9 ] Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), a monoamine neurotransmitter, is produced from tryptophan in the neurons of raphe nuclei (RN) that modulates a variety of cognitive, emotional, and physiological functions. [ 10 ] It is well documented that serotonin is an important contributor to feelings of happiness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum-based microRNA biomarkers for major depression: MiR-16, miR-135a, and miR-1202

et al. 2018

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Background:Depression is a common medical condition with a high prevalence leading to emotional abnormality. Despite some drawbacks, depression currently diagnosed using a combination of patient interviews and self-report questionnaires. Recently, there is emerging emphasis to establish biomarkers to diagnosis and clinical management of depression. This case–control study was designed to develop microRNA (miRNA)-based serum biomarker for depression.Materials and Methods:In this study, 39 patients with depression and 36 healthy controls were enrolled. Serum miRNAs gene expression was measured using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis; finally, the data represent as the 2–ΔCt followed by further statistical analysis.Results:The serum level of miR-16 was significantly (P < 0.001) down-regulated (mean: 0.9123 and standard deviation [SD]: 0.06) in compared to normal individuals (mean: 1.6848 and SD: 0.09). The concentration of miR-135a was also catastrophically decreased (P < 0.001) in the patients (mean: 1.160 and SD: 0.07) in compared to control (mean: 1.819 and SD: 0.09). The relative miR-1202 expression levels were significantly lower (P < 0.001) in the patients (mean: 0.1755 and SD: 0.01) than in the healthy individuals (mean: 0.2939 and SD: 0.01). The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated the obvious separation between patient and healthy control, with an AUC of 0.75 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.642–0.858, P < 0.001), 0.72 (95% CI = 0.607–0.834, P < 0.001), and 0.74 (95% CI = 0.630–0.861, P < 0.001) for miR-16, miR-135a, and miR-1202, respectively. The data suggest that these miRNAs have a potential to be used as a biomarker of depression with sensitivity 77.8% and specificity of 61.5% for miR-16, 94.4% and 41.0% for miR-135a as well as 86.1% and 61.5% for miR-1202, respectively (P < 0.001).Conclusion:Our findings showed that these miRNA can be used as a biomarker of depression diagnosis. MiR-135a and miR-1202 exhibited better sensitivity and specificity, respectively.

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“…However, suicide may relate more to serotonin than catecholamines; a number of postmortem studies of brain samples of human suicides indicate that 5-HIAA, a metabolite of serotonin, is substantially reduced in suicides as compared to controls (see review by Murphy, Campbell, Costa 1978). Indeed, reserpine, which depletes catecholamines and serotonin, has been reported to induce suicide (see Lester 1972;Weil-Maherbe 1972). Physiological systems of this sort, responding to stress and environmental stimuli, and controlling behavioral predispositions, may provide the inherited variable substrate required by this model.…”

Section: Models Of Suicidementioning

confidence: 99%

Biological variation and suicide

Blanchard

1980

Behav Brain Sci

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The Biochemistry of Affective Disorders

Cited by 9 publications

References 275 publications

Possible Rationale for Procaine (Gerovital H3) Therapy in Geriatrics: Inhibition of Monoamine Oxidase

Possible Rationale for Procaine (Gerovital H3) Therapy in Geriatrics: Inhibition of Monoamine Oxidase

Serum-based microRNA biomarkers for major depression: MiR-16, miR-135a, and miR-1202

Biological variation and suicide

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