The bioactivities of the neem (seeds and leaves) against Callosobruchus maculatus on a Vigna Subterranean L.

Abstract

This research reports the novel bioactivities of neem leaves powder, neem leaves concentrate, neem seeds powder and neem seeds oil against the weevil (Callosobruchus maculatus) on bambara groundnut. The leaves were ground, crushed and subjected to ethanol to get the concentrate. While the seeds were dried under shade for one week, ground into fine particles. Cold bulk extraction was then used to obtain the neem seeds oil. The mortality count of Callosobruchus maculatus (C. maculatus) was studied by exposing the weevil to neem treated bambara groundnut at different days under laboratory condition. The neem dosage were 0.0, 0.1, 0.5 1.0 g/10 g of bambara groundnut. The percentage weight loss and seed damage were also determined at the end. The results indicated that neem seeds oil and neem leaves concentrate provided effective and comparable mortality counts against the C. maculatus. Again the neem powder (seeds and leaves) mortality counts were also comparable, but were less effective against the weevils as compared to the neem oil and concentrate at least for the first two days. Therefore, these neem materials could be used as biopesticides at the dose of 0.1 per 10 g to prevent C. maculatus attack on bambara groundnut during storage. This will reduce the usage of synthetic pesticides, thereby preventing their adverse residual effects on human and the environment.

Management of Mexican Bean Beetle, Zabrotes subfasciatus (Boheman) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) with Botanical powders and oils in Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

“…Additionally, no seed damage was recorded by V. unguiculata in cowpea seeds treated with the highest dosage of C. colocynthis (Nzelu and Okonkwo, 2016). Asemave and Anure (2019) indicated that Bambara groundnut treated with neem seed oil at rates of 1.0 and 0.5 mL/10 g exhibited 0% weight loss. In addition, the results of seed damage showed that neem seed extract gave the lowest seed damage at 0.5 and 1.0 mL/10 g. Neem seed oil at 5, 7.5, and 10 mL/kg was more effective in reducing weight loss by the pulse beetle C. chinensis in stored black gram grains and significantly reduced adult emergence (Pathania et al, 2020).…”

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“…The filtrate was poured into beaker and was allowed for 2 days for the ethanol to evaporate. (Asemave and Anure, 2019) [85] .…”

Comparative Analysis of Curcuma longa Rhizome and Tectona grandis Leaves Extracts as Green Indicators versus some Synthetic Indictors in Acid-Base Titration

“…In such a manner, the overdependence on petroleum (a finite resource) for myriads of raw materials for our industries and allied purposes can be substantially shifted to renewable source. In view of this, there has been high quantum of surge about sourcing/ deriving chemicals from plant-based origin [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. More recently, Green Chemistry has also underscored the need for sustainable development, which partly provides the use of benign and renewable materials instead petrochemicals [10].…”