The big five model in bipolar disorder: a latent profile analysis and its impact on longterm illness severity

Abstract

Background Using a personality typing approach, we investigated the relationship between personality profiles and the prediction of longterm illness severity in patients with bipolar disorder (BD). While previous research suggests associations between BD and traits from the NEO-FFI profiles, the current study firstly aimed to identify latent classes of NEO-FFI profiles, and, secondly, to examine their impact on the longterm prognosis of BD. Methods Based on the NEO-FFI profiles of 134 euthymic patients diagnosed with BD (64.2% female, mean age = 44.3 years), successive latent profile analyses were conducted. Subsequently, a subsample (n = 80) was examined prospectively by performing multiple regression analysis of the latent classes to evaluate the longitudinal course of the disease (mean: 54.7 weeks) measured using a modified Morbidity Index. Results The latent profile analyses suggested a 3-class model typifying in a resilient (n = 68, 51%), vulnerable (n = 55, 41%) and highly vulnerable (n = 11, 8%) class. In the regression analysis, higher vulnerability predicted a higher longterm Morbidity Index (R2 = 0.28). Conclusions Subgroups of patients with BD share a number of discrete personality features and their illness is characterized by a similar clinical course. This knowledge is valuable in a variety of clinical contexts including early detection, intervention planning and treatment process.

Personality Traits Interact With Sleep and Biological Rhythm in Patients With Bipolar Disorder

“…Taken together, neuroticism-also known as emotional instability-is thought to be a putative factor for vulnerability in mood disorders. Higher vulnerability is associated with higher long-term morbidity (Ortelbach et al, 2022).…”

Associations Between Personality Functioning, Childhood Trauma and Non-adherence in Cardiovascular Disease: A Psychodynamically-Informed Cross-Sectional Study

“…Specific personality disorders as well as dimensional measures of levels of personality are related to health-related outcomes ( Dokucu and Cloninger, 2019 ; Sinnaeve et al, 2021 ). Deficits in personality functioning appear to have a negative impact on disease progression and adherence ( Collier et al, 1999 ) in mental illness (bipolar disorder ( Wagner-Skacel et al, 2020 ; Ortelbach et al, 2022 ); eating disorders ( Rohde et al, 2019 ); personality disorders ( Zimmermann et al, 2014 ); major depressive disorder ( Zeeck et al, 2020 ) as well as cancer ( Wynn, 2010 ; Di Mattei et al, 2018 ) and chronic physical illness ( Leichter and Dreelin, 2005 ; Pollock-BarZiv and Davis, 2005 ; Moran et al, 2007 ; Lee et al, 2010 ). Only two studies have examined the influence of personality disorders on non-adherence in cardiovascular health to date ( Suárez-Bagnasco et al, 2015 ; Hall et al, 2019 ), indeed despite knowledge that personality disorders are an important risk factor for health-related matters such as physical functioning, role limitations, fatigue, and pain ( Powers and Oltmanns, 2012 ).…”