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2014
DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cku099
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The big crossing: illegal boat migrants in the Mediterranean

Abstract: This article explores illegal migration routes and groups across North Africa to Europe. We describe sub-Saharan and cross-Mediterranean routes, and how they changed during the years. We propose an analytical framework for the main factors for these migrations, from local to international and regulatory context. We then describe sea-migrants' nationalities and socio-economic and demographic characteristics, from studies undertook in Tunisia and Morocco. While boat migration represents only a fraction of illega… Show more

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Cited by 45 publications
(27 citation statements)
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“…Although the ethnic-cultural profile of health professionals remains the same, that of users of the public health system has changed substantially; foreigners residing in Spain account for 10.7% of the population, of which 36.3% are European and 22.3% are African [22]. The coast of southern Spain is one of the main entry points for Africans who want to reach Europe [23] using Spain as a transit country [24]. In this area, there is an important African Muslim community, with those of Moroccan nationality comprising the largest group [22].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Although the ethnic-cultural profile of health professionals remains the same, that of users of the public health system has changed substantially; foreigners residing in Spain account for 10.7% of the population, of which 36.3% are European and 22.3% are African [22]. The coast of southern Spain is one of the main entry points for Africans who want to reach Europe [23] using Spain as a transit country [24]. In this area, there is an important African Muslim community, with those of Moroccan nationality comprising the largest group [22].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Irregular migrants (IMs) are not authorized to enter or stay in the country to which they migrate, as they do not have legal permission, documentation, or refugee status. Usually, IMs come to the EU from the Middle East, Maghreb, and Sub-Saharan Africa [7]. Despite strict border control, in 2015 and 2016, 1,200,000 migrants crossed the Mediterranean into Europe and at least 6000 went missing at sea [8,9].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Hence, it is considered to lie on the central Mediterranean route via which thousands of irregular migrants try to reach Europe by boat. People smugglers using “unsafe” boats to transfer these migrants have provoked a significant number of fatalities in the Mediterranean Sea [30]. However, even for those who survive, this is not the end of their suffering.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%