The Bidirectional Relationship Between Psychiatry and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Should depressive patients undergo a regular diabetes screening test?

“…The increased activity of HPA axis in depression leads to elevated serum cortisol level. [3] Plasma cortisol and free salivary cortisol levels are also typically increased in T2DM. [3] There is also an inverse correlation between cortisol level and the volume of hippocampus, found to be reduced in T2DM, depicting the cortisol as the missing link.…”

“…[3] Plasma cortisol and free salivary cortisol levels are also typically increased in T2DM. [3] There is also an inverse correlation between cortisol level and the volume of hippocampus, found to be reduced in T2DM, depicting the cortisol as the missing link. [3] Pro-inflammatory cytokines linked with T2DM are also important pathophysiological factors of depression and lead to hyperactivity of HPA axis by diminishing the feedback inhibition of corticosteroids.…”

“…[3] There is also an inverse correlation between cortisol level and the volume of hippocampus, found to be reduced in T2DM, depicting the cortisol as the missing link. [3] Pro-inflammatory cytokines linked with T2DM are also important pathophysiological factors of depression and lead to hyperactivity of HPA axis by diminishing the feedback inhibition of corticosteroids. [4] In this context, the leptin resistance in obese people, the vulnerable group of T2DM, may account for their depressive behavior.…”