The bidirectional congruency effect of brightness-valence metaphoric association in the Stroop-like and priming paradigms

Huang, Yanli; Tse, Chi‐Shing; Xie, Jiushu

doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2017.10.006

Cited by 14 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…We think it is more likely that people have a general brightness bias as later postulated by Lakens et al (2013). This more symmetrical relationship is in line with the metaphorical account (Huang et al, 2017;Meier et al, 2004;Meier et al, 2015) where people can represent abstract concepts (such as valence) in terms of concrete concepts (brightness) through metaphoric associations. This notwithstanding, metaphors have to be learned.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…Different theoretical accounts have been proposed to explain the brightness-positivity association. One account, supported by colleagues (2004, 2015) and Huang, Tse, and Xie (2017) bases itself on conceptual metaphor theory (Lakoff & Johnson, 1980). According to conceptual metaphor theory people can represent abstract concepts (such as valence) in terms of concrete concepts (brightness) through metaphoric associations.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Looking on the Bright Side: Replicating the Association between Brightness and Positivity

Specker

Leder

2018

Collabra: Psychology

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The present study is a pre-registered replication of a study by Specker et al. (2018) that tests the hypothesis that brightness of colors is associated with positivity. Our results showed an implicit association between brightness and positivity in both Study 1 and Study 2, however, an explicit association between brightness and positivity was only found in Study 2, thereby replicating 3 out of 4 effects. To investigate these effects in more detail, we present a meta-analysis of both the original and the replication study. This indicated a large effect 1.31 [1.12, 1.51]. In addition, we used meta-analysis to assess potential moderators of the effect, in particular stimulus type (chromatic vs. achromatic) and measure type (implicit vs. explicit). This indicated that the effect is stronger when measured implicitly than when measured explicitly and that the effect is stronger when achromatic stimuli are used. In sum, we take these findings to indicate that there is a strong and replicable association between brightness and positivity. These findings offer researchers interested in the effect concrete tools when designing a study investigating the effect with regard to effect size estimates for power analysis as well as stimulus and measurement design.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Looking on the Bright Side: Replicating the Association between Brightness and Positivity

Specker

Leder

2018

Collabra: Psychology

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“…Weger et al (2007) found that participants rated higher (or lower) in tone discrimination after judging the valence of a positive (or negative) word. Similar congruency effects have been reported for other conceptual metaphors, such as brightness-valence (Huang, Tse, & Xie 2018;Meier et al , 2015). In the current study, a spatial-valence metaphoric congruency effect is said to occur when participants are faster and/or more accurate to judge a target's word valence when its position and valence are congruent (top-positive/ bottom-negative) than when they are not (top-negative/ bottom-positive).…”

Section: Conceptual Metaphorsupporting

confidence: 81%

The influence of congruency proportion, target eccentricity, and valence strength on the spatial-valence metaphoric congruency effect in a word valence judgment task

Tse

Huang

Zeng

et al. 2020

Psychological Research

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In a word valence judgment task, positive words (e.g., excellence) are judged faster when presented at the top (congruent position) than at the bottom of the screen (incongruent position), whereas the opposite pattern occurs for negative words (e.g., disaster). This spatial-valence metaphoric congruency effect reflects top-positive/bottom-negative metaphoric association and may be attributed to at least three possible mechanisms: spreading activation between spatial and valence concepts (activation account), epistemic function that a conceptual metaphor serves to reduce the uncertainty associated with valence concepts (epistemic account), and/or the extent to which spatial-valence metaphoric association is relevant to task demand (relevance account). In three experiments, we manipulated congruency proportion, target eccentricity, and valence strength in a word valence judgment task to test these three possible accounts. Results showed that the metaphoric congruency effect was larger when a high (vs. equal) proportion of targets appears in congruent, relative to incongruent, position, and for targets with strong (vs. weak) valence. However, the effect in reaction time measure was not modulated by whether the target appeared in the position being near vs. far away from the center of the screen. The overall findings are better accommodated by the relevance account. The implications of the current findings on other theoretical accounts, such as Conceptual Metaphor Theory and polarity correspondence account, are also discussed.

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“…Participants' preference for bitter taste was positively correlated with their antisocial personality and negatively associated with their agreeableness (e.g., Sagioglou and Greitemeyer, 2016). In short, the metaphoric association between taste and emotion may be bidirectional, consistent with some (e.g., brightness-emotion in Huang et al, 2018) but not the other conceptual metaphors (e.g., spatialemotion in Huang and Tse, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Since we quantified the valence measure of our Chinese word stimuli based on ANEW norm, which was based on English word stimuli and English native speakers, we performed some analyses to check the validity of this valence measure for our Chinese population. Specifically, we compared the valence measure of the ANEW norm with the valence measure of the norm that was developed in our previous study (Huang et al, 2018). The measure in this latter norm, which consists of 696 Chinese words, was based on Hong Kong students, i.e., the same population as in the current study.…”

Section: Materials Design and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Taste of Emotion: Metaphoric Association Between Taste Words and Emotion/Emotion-Laden Words

Zhou

Tse

2020

Front. Psychol.

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According to the Conceptual Metaphor Theory, abstract concepts can be metaphorically associated with more concrete, physically embodied concepts, such as gustatory experience. Studies on taste-emotion metaphoric association reported that people associate love with sweet, jealousy with sour and bitter, and sadness with bitter. However, few studies have systematically examined the metaphoric association between taste and words referred to emotion (e.g., "sad") or emotion-laden concepts (e.g., "funeral"). In the current four studies (total N = 357), we examined this metaphoric association by having participants come up with a taste word when reading an emotion and emotion-laden word (Study 1-explicit association of taste words-toemotion/emotion-laden words), come up with an emotion word when reading taste words (Study 2-explicit association of emotion words-to-taste words), rate the association between taste words and basic or non-basic emotion words (Study 3), and rate the association between taste words and a more expanded pool of emotion/emotion-laden words (Study 4). Results showed that sweet was mostly associated with positive emotion and emotion-laden words, whereas bitter, followed by sour and spicy, was mostly associated with negative emotion and emotion-laden words. The bidirectionality of taste-emotion metaphoric association was supported by our dataset. The implications of these findings on the Conceptual Metaphor Theory and embodied cognition are discussed.

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The bidirectional congruency effect of brightness-valence metaphoric association in the Stroop-like and priming paradigms

Cited by 14 publications

References 36 publications

Looking on the Bright Side: Replicating the Association between Brightness and Positivity

Looking on the Bright Side: Replicating the Association between Brightness and Positivity

The influence of congruency proportion, target eccentricity, and valence strength on the spatial-valence metaphoric congruency effect in a word valence judgment task

The Taste of Emotion: Metaphoric Association Between Taste Words and Emotion/Emotion-Laden Words

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