The Berit transect of the Tauride thrust belt, S Turkey: Late Cretaceous–Early Cenozoic accretionary/collisional processes related to closure of the Southern Neotethys

Robertson, Alastair H.F.; Ustaömer, Tı̇mur; Parlak, Osman; Ünlügenç, Ulvi Can; Taşlı, Kemal; İnan, Nurdan

doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2005.02.004

Cited by 155 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…These are, from north to south, the Intra-Pontide Ocean, the İzmir-Ankara-Erzincan Ocean (northern Neotethys), the Inner Tauride Ocean, the southern Neotethys and the Berit Ocean (Robertson et al, 2012(Robertson et al, , 2006Parlak et al, 2009;Okay and Tüysüz, 1999;Görür et al, 1984;Robertson and Dixon, 1984;Şengör and Yılmaz, 1981). With the exception of the Intra-Pontide Ocean, a widely accepted scenario for the evolution of the oceanic basins is: (a) Triassic rifting, (b) Jurassic-Early Cretaceous passive margin subsidence, (c) Late Cretaceous intraoceanic convergence/metamorphic sole formation/ supra-subduction zone ophiolite genesis and (d) latest Cretaceous emplacement onto continental margins.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The tauride ophiolites of Anatolia (Turkey): A review

Parlak¹

2016

J. Earth Sci.

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The Tauride ophiolites lie on the northern and southern flanks of an E-W-trending Tauride carbonate platform. They mainly consist of three tectonic units namely in ascending order, ophiolitic mélange, sub-ophiolitic metamorphic sole and oceanic lithospheric remnants. They were generated above intra-oceanic subduction zones and emplaced over the Tauride carbonate platform from different Neotethyan oceanic basins in the Late Cretaceous. Tauride ophiolites from west to east are described and reviewed. All are underlain by well-preserved dynamothermal metamorphic soles of varied structural thicknesses up to 500 m that have a constant structural position between ophiolitic mélange below and harzburgitic mantle tectonites above and display typical inverted metamorphic sequences from amphibolite facies above to greenschist facies below. The metamorphic soles are shown to have evolved during the initiation of subduction and emplacement processes. In the Pozantı-Karsantı area the contact between the metamorphic sole and the overlying serpentinized harzburgites is characterized by a 1.5-2-m-thick zone of sheared serpentinized harzburgitic mantle intercalated with amphibolites and cut by thick mafic dykes (7-8 m) which postdate intraoceanic metamorphism and high-temperature ductile deformation. This contact is interpreted as an intra-oceanic decoupling surface along which volcanics from the upper levels of the down-going plate were metamorphosed to amphibolite facies and accreted to the base of the hanging wall plate. The metamorphic soles and overlying ophiolitic rocks were intruded by numerous isolated post-metamorphic diabase dykes filled by island arc tholeiitic magma. Subduction initiation and roll-back processes best explain the structural and petrological relationships of Late Cretaceous ophiolite genesis, metamorphic sole formation and subsequent dyke emplacement of the Tauride ophiolites. KEY WORDS: ophiolite, metamorphic sole, dyke emplacement, roll-back, subduction initiation. INTRODUCTIONThe Tauride orogenic belts of Turkey are interpreted as representing a continental fragment that rifted from Gondwana (North Africa) during the Triassic, followed by reamalgamation and continental collision during the OligoMiocene (Karaoğlan et al., 2016) or Miocene (Okay et al., 2010). The Taurides are traditionally divided into three contiguous parts; the western, central and eastern Taurides (Özgül, 1976).Ophiolites along the Tauride belt start with the Lycian nappes to the west and end with the Divriği ophiolite to the east (Fig. 1). These ophiolites (the Lycian nappes, Antalya, Beyşehir-Hoyran nappes, Mersin, Alihoca, Pozantı-Karsantı, Pınarbaşı and Divriği) are situated either on the northern or on the southern flank of an approximately E-W trending Tauride carbonate platform axis (Juteau, 1980 (Juteau, 1980). The plutonic sections and the metamorphic soles of the Tauride ophiolites are cut by numerous isolated microgabbro-diabase and minor pyroxenite dykes at different structural levels (Robertson et al

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The tauride ophiolites of Anatolia (Turkey): A review

Parlak¹

2016

J. Earth Sci.

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“…These are; (a) the Mid-Late Triassic rifting to spreading of Southern Neotethys, separated from North Africa (Gutnic, Monod, Poisson, & Dumont, 1979;Robertson & Woodcock, 1979;1980;Şengör, Satır, & Akkök, 1984;Yılmaz, 1993;Yılmaz et al, 1993), (b) Late Cretaceous northward subduction-accretion of ophiolites and arc-related units (Bağcı et al, 2005;2008;Karaoğlan, Parlak, Kloetzli, Thöni, et al, 2013;Karaoğ-lan, Parlak, Kloetzli, Koller, et al, 2013;Robertson, 2002Robertson, , 2004Robertson et al, 2006Robertson et al, , 2007Robertson et al, , 2012Rizaoğlu et al, 2006;2009;Parlak et al, 2004;2009, (c) Mid-Eocene subductionrelated extension (Robertson et al, 2006;Yılmaz, 1993;Yiğitbaş & Yılmaz, 1996a, 1996bKaraoğlan, Parlak, Robertson, et al, 2013) and (d) Early-Middle Miocene collision and southward thrusting over the Arabian Foreland Robertson et al, 2006Robertson et al, , 2007Robertson et al, , 2012Şengör & Yılmaz, 1981;Yılmaz, 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The peri-Arabic belt ophiolites including the Kızıldağ and Koçali were emplaced directly onto the Arabian platform to the south of the Bitlis-Pütürge metamorphic massif (Robertson et al, 2006(Robertson et al, , 2007Yılmaz, 1993;Yılmaz et al, 1993). In contrast to the north of Bitlis-Pütürge metamorphic massif, the SE Anatolian ophiolites, including the Göksun, Doğanşehir, İspendere and Kömürhan ophiolites, were tectonically emplaced beneath the Tauride platform and cut by granitoids Cretaceous to Eocene granitoids (Parlak, 2006;Rizaoğlu et al, 2009;Karaoğ-lan, Parlak, Robertson, et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

U–Pb and Sm–Nd geochronology of the ophiolites from the SE Turkey: implications for the Neotethyan evolution

Karaoğlan¹,

Parlak²,

Klötzli³

et al. 2012

Geodinamica Acta

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The ophiolites in southeast Turkey crop out along two distinct belts. The ophiolites in the north are attached to Tauride active margin and represented by Göksun, Berit, İspendere, Kömürhan and Guleman ophiolites. Whereas the ophiolites in the south are observed as tectonically overlying the Arabian continental margin and characterized mainly by Kızıldağ (Hatay) and Koçali ophiolites. In this paper, new U-Pb and Sm-Nd isotopic ages are presented. The zircons extracted from the gabbroic cumulates of the Kömürhan ophiolite yielded a concordia age of 87.2 ± 3.1 Ma. The zircons in the gabbroic cumulates of the İspendere ophiolite yielded a Concordia age of 84.5 ± 3.9 Ma. Moreover, the Sm-Nd age of the gabbroic cumulates of the İspendere ophiolite yielded 85.1 ± 7.1 Ma (εNd = + 7.8). The gabbroic rocks of the Kızıl-dağ (Hatay) ophiolite yielded 110 ± 11 Ma (εNd = + 7.3) Sm-Nd isochron age. The new and already published U-Pb and Sm-Nd ages from the Kızıldağ ophiolite suggest that the time span between the melt generation in a subduction zone setting and SSZ-type oceanic crust crystallization was ≥3 my. All the ages from the Southeast Anatolian ophiolites suggest that the ophiolites between the Bitlis-Pütürge continent and the Arabian platform formed around 99-102 Ma whereas the ophiolites between the Bitlis-Pütürge continent and the Tauride platform formed around 84-90 Ma, suggesting that the peri-Arabic belt ophiolites are 10 My older than the ophiolite attached to the Malatya-Keban platform in the north. Detailed comparison suggests that there are number of differences between the ophiolites to the north and south of the Bitlis-Pütürge continental unit based on the geological, geochronological, petrological, internal stratigraphy of the ophiolites as well as their relationships with the continental fragments during the late Cretaceous. Therefore, the ophiolites were rooted from two different oceanic basins, one to the north and other to the south of the Bitlis-Pütürge continent.

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“…The resulting sedimentary accommodation space was infilled by siliciclastic gravity-flow deposits, sourced from the overthrusting Tauride continent; (iii) Final overthrusting by the Tauride allochthon, as documented to the NW, N and NE of the Amanos Mountains, where the Burdigalian-Langhian deep-water K. Maraş sedimentary basin was deformed and over-ridden by Tauride-related units. Similar overthrusting is seen to the N and NW of the Amanos Mountains (Yılmaz et al, 1988;Yılmaz & Gürer, 1996;Robertson et al, 2006;Gül et al, 2011;Akıncı et al, 2016); (v) Propagation of compressional deformation into Arabian foreland created up to mountain-sized folds, which are mainly SE-vergent in the north and central areas but E-vergent in the south (Figure 19). (ii) Location at the intersection of two compressional lineaments.…”

Section: Uplift Of the Amanos Mountains Compared To Adjacent Regionsmentioning

confidence: 62%

Palaeozoic-Recent geological development and uplift of the Amanos Mountains (S Turkey) in the critically located northwesternmost corner of the Arabian continent

Duman¹,

Robertson

Elmacı

et al. 2017

Geodinamica Acta

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We have carried out a several-year-long study of the Amanos Mountains, on the basis of which we present new sedimentary and structural evidence, which we combine with existing data, to produce the first comprehensive synthesis in the regional geological setting. The ca. N-Strending Amanos Mountains are located at the northwesternmost edge of the Arabian plate, near the intersection of the African and Eurasian plates. Mixed siliciclastic-carbonate sediments accumulated on the north-Gondwana margin during the Palaeozoic. Triassic rift-related sedimentation was followed by platform carbonate deposition during Jurassic-Cretaceous. Late Cretaceous was characterised by platform collapse and southward emplacement of melanges and a supra-subduction zone ophiolite. Latest Cretaceous transgressive shallow-water carbonates gave way to deeper-water deposits during Palaeocene-Eocene. Eocene southward compression, reflecting initial collision, resulted in open folding, reverse faulting and duplexing. Fluvial, lagoonal and shallow-marine carbonates accumulated during Late Oligocene(?)-Early Miocene, associated with basaltic magmatism. Intensifying collision during Mid-Miocene initiated a foreland basin that then infilled with deep-water siliciclastic gravity flows. Late Miocene-Early Pliocene compression created mountain-sized folds and thrusts, verging E in the north but SE in the south. The resulting surface uplift triggered deposition of huge alluvial outwash fans in the west. Smaller alluvial fans formed along both mountain flanks during the Pleistocene after major surface uplift ended. Pliocene-Pleistocene alluvium was tilted towards the mountain front in the west. Strike-slip/transtension along the East Anatolian Transform Fault and localised sub-horizontal Quaternary basaltic volcanism in the region reflect regional transtension during Late Pliocene-Pleistocene (<4 Ma).

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The Berit transect of the Tauride thrust belt, S Turkey: Late Cretaceous–Early Cenozoic accretionary/collisional processes related to closure of the Southern Neotethys

Cited by 155 publications

References 39 publications

The tauride ophiolites of Anatolia (Turkey): A review

The tauride ophiolites of Anatolia (Turkey): A review

U–Pb and Sm–Nd geochronology of the ophiolites from the SE Turkey: implications for the Neotethyan evolution

Palaeozoic-Recent geological development and uplift of the Amanos Mountains (S Turkey) in the critically located northwesternmost corner of the Arabian continent

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