The benefits of ω-3 supplementation depend on adiponectin basal level and adiponectin increase after the supplementation: A randomized clinical trial

Barbosa, Milena Maria de Araújo Lima; Melo, Alexandra Lorenzzi Trinanes Raposo de; Damasceno, Nágila Raquel Teixeira

doi:10.1016/j.nut.2016.08.010

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Colon-specific delivery of EPA or DHA increased the release of glucagon-like peptide 1 and insulin with subsequent reduction in glucose concentrations [ 55 ]. Increasing adiponectin is one mechanism by which omega-3 fatty acids can improve cardiometabolic profile in people with cardiovascular risk [ 56 ]. Plasma adiponectin was associated with insulin sensitivity [ 57 ] and reduced plasma adiponectin was a marker of insulin resistance and increased risk of type 2 diabetes [ 58 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plasma adiponectin was associated with insulin sensitivity [ 57 ] and reduced plasma adiponectin was a marker of insulin resistance and increased risk of type 2 diabetes [ 58 ]. Both animal and human studies showed that omega-3 fatty acid supplements improved plasma adiponectin concentrations [ 56 , 59 , 60 , 61 ]. Thus, increasing both glucagon-like peptide 1 secretion and adiponectin production by omega-3 fatty acids could improve both insulin secretion and sensitivity [ 62 ] resulting in improved recovery from insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, thus attenuating metabolic syndrome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Attenuation of Metabolic Syndrome by EPA/DHA Ethyl Esters in Testosterone-Deficient Obese Rats

et al. 2018

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Inducing testosterone deficiency, as the standard treatment of prostate cancer, may cause metabolic disorders including insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, central obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and type 2 diabetes. This study measured responses to testosterone deficiency in high-carbohydrate, high-fat (H) diet-fed rats. We then tested whether eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)/docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) ethyl esters (Omacor) reversed these metabolic changes. Male Wistar rats (8–9 weeks old) were divided into eight groups with four groups fed corn starch and four groups fed H diet. For each diet, one group received diet only; one group was orchidectomized; one group was given leuprolide (gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist, 2 mg/kg every 4th week); and the last group was treated with leuprolide and their diet was supplemented with 3% Omacor for the last eight weeks. The protocol was for 16 weeks. Leuprolide worsened metabolic syndrome symptoms and cardiovascular function, and orchidectomy produced greater responses. In H fed leuprolide-treated rats, Omacor decreased systolic blood pressure and left ventricular diastolic stiffness, reduced infiltration of inflammatory cells and collagen deposition in the heart, and reduced lipid accumulation and inflammatory cell infiltration without improving liver damage. These results suggest that Omacor has potential to attenuate metabolic complications in prostate cancer patients with induced testosterone deprivation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attenuation of Metabolic Syndrome by EPA/DHA Ethyl Esters in Testosterone-Deficient Obese Rats

et al. 2018

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“…The other main omega-3 fatty acid is eicosapentaenoic acid or EPA, and omega-3 levels in humans are estimated by the sum of EPA + DHA with docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) being present at much lower concentrations 4 . Positive effects on health from omega-3 fatty acids have been observed for insulin resistance, adult-onset diabetes mellitus 5 – 7 , hypertension 8 , 9 arthritis 10 , 11 , atherosclerosis 12 , 13 , depression 14 , 15 , thrombosis 16 , some cancers 17 and cognitive decline 18 , 19 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Omega-3 fatty acids correlate with gut microbiome diversity and production of N-carbamylglutamate in middle aged and elderly women

Menni

Zierer

Pallister

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

188

113

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Omega-3 fatty acids may influence human physiological parameters in part by affecting the gut microbiome. The aim of this study was to investigate the links between omega-3 fatty acids, gut microbiome diversity and composition and faecal metabolomic profiles in middle aged and elderly women. We analysed data from 876 twins with 16S microbiome data and DHA, total omega-3, and other circulating fatty acids. Estimated food intake of omega-3 fatty acids were obtained from food frequency questionnaires. Both total omega-3and DHA serum levels were significantly correlated with microbiome alpha diversity (Shannon index) after adjusting for confounders (DHA Beta(SE) = 0.13(0.04), P = 0.0006 total omega-3: 0.13(0.04), P = 0.001). These associations remained significant after adjusting for dietary fibre intake. We found even stronger associations between DHA and 38 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), the strongest ones being with OTUs from the Lachnospiraceae family (Beta(SE) = 0.13(0.03), P = 8 × 10−7). Some of the associations with gut bacterial OTUs appear to be mediated by the abundance of the faecal metabolite N-carbamylglutamate. Our data indicate a link between omega-3 circulating levels/intake and microbiome composition independent of dietary fibre intake, particularly with bacteria of the Lachnospiraceae family. These data suggest the potential use of omega-3 supplementation to improve the microbiome composition.

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“…In contrast, a significant effect on body fat upon n -3 LCPUFA supplementation was observed by Barbosa et al . ( 86 ) . In this double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised clinical trial, a supplement containing n -3 LCPUFA (3 g/d; 37 % EPA and 23 % DHA) or placebo (3 g/d sunflower oil) were administered for 2 months.…”

Section: N-3 Long Chain Pufamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the treated group, an increase in serum adiponectin was detected. Adiponectin synthesis is inversely proportional to the amount of adipose tissue ( 86 ) ; in animals, increased n -3 LCPUFA consumption is associated with increased adiponectin levels, however the results are controversial in human subjects ( 87 ) . Results of this trial confirm that n -3 LCPUFA consumption reduces body fat, leading to increased concentration of adiponectin and this, in turn, could further influence the reduction of fat mass.…”

Section: N-3 Long Chain Pufamentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of bioactives in energy metabolism and metabolic syndrome

et al. 2019

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20Some food bioactives potentially exert anti-obesity effects. Anthocyanins, catechins, beta-glucan, and 21 n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids are among the most promising candidates and have been 22 considered as a strategy for the development of functional foods counteracting body weight gain. At 23 present, clinical trials, reviews and meta-analyses addressing anti-obesity effects of various bioactives 24 or bioactive-rich foods show contradictory results. Abdominal obesity is an important criterion for 25 metabolic syndrome diagnosis along with glucose intolerance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. Food 26 bioactives are supposed to exert beneficial effects on these parameters, therefore representing an 27 alternative therapy approaches for the treatment of the metabolic syndrome. This review summarizes 28 outcomes on metabolic syndrome biomarkers in recent clinical trials supplementing anthocyanins, 29 catechins, beta-glucan, and n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, focusing mainly on anti-30 obesity effects. Overall, it is clear that the level of evidence for the effectiveness varies not only 31 among the different bioactives but also among the different putative health benefits suggested for the 32 same bioactive. Limited evidence may be due to the low number of controlled intervention trials or 33 to inconsistencies in trial design i.e. duration, dose and/or the way of bioactive supplementation 34 (extracts, supplements, rich or enriched food). At present, the question "are bioactives effective in Page 1 of 25 Cambridge University Press Proceedings of the Nutrition Society weight management and prevention of metabolic syndrome?" remains inconclusive. Thus, a common 36 effort to harmonize the study design of intervention trials focusing on the most promising bioactive 37 molecules is urgently needed to strengthen the evidence of their potential in the treatment of obesity, 38 metabolic syndrome and related diseases. 39 40 Key words: anthocyanins, beta-glucan, catechins, n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, 41 metabolic syndrome 42 43 44 48and exercise too little. Although this is theoretically true, different contributors to energy balance 49 must be considered and need a better understanding. For example, diet composition, nutrient 50 bioavailability and bioactives could have a role in energy balance. 51 The different thermic effects of macronutrients could result in different energy expenditure. For 52 example, higher protein diets have been shown to be more conducive to weight loss than lower protein 53 diets (1) . The Preventing Overweight Using Novel Dietary Strategies (POUNDS LOST) trial examined 54 the role of macronutrients on overall energy expenditure and its components under well-controlled 55 conditions (2) . This randomized trial involving 811 overweight adults evidenced that low energy, 56 isocaloric diets with different macronutrient ratio (fats:proteins:carbohydrates = 20:15:65; 20:25:55; 57 40:15:45 or 40:25:35) were equally successful in promoting weigh...

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The benefits of ω-3 supplementation depend on adiponectin basal level and adiponectin increase after the supplementation: A randomized clinical trial

Cited by 24 publications

References 38 publications

Attenuation of Metabolic Syndrome by EPA/DHA Ethyl Esters in Testosterone-Deficient Obese Rats

Attenuation of Metabolic Syndrome by EPA/DHA Ethyl Esters in Testosterone-Deficient Obese Rats

Omega-3 fatty acids correlate with gut microbiome diversity and production of N-carbamylglutamate in middle aged and elderly women

The role of bioactives in energy metabolism and metabolic syndrome

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