Objectives: Cancer-related fatigue and fear of recurrence (FOR) are
the most common symptoms in cancer survivors and severely affect quality of life
(QOL). This study aims to promote and evaluate the effectiveness of physical and
psychological rehabilitation activities for cancer survivors.
Methods: A longitudinal study with an interventional research
design was conducted. A total of 80 participants were randomly assigned to
experimental groups E1 (Qigong exercise [QE]) or E2 (stress management [SM]) or
the control group. The E1 and E2 groups received QE and SM, respectively, as
interventions once a week for 12 weeks, and effects were assessed.
Cancer-related fatigue, FOR, QOL, and heart rate variability (HRV) were
evaluated at baseline (T0), after 12 weeks (T1), and at the 3-month follow-up
(T2). Results: QE and SM effectively strengthened the physical and
psychological functions of cancer survivors at the T1 phase. Although
differences in FOR and QOL were not statistically significant, the scores were
decreased and increased, respectively. Although the effects during the T2 phase
were not as significant as those during T1, the score progress was maintained.
The effects on HRV were significantly different among the E1, E2, and control
groups at T1, which shows that the performance of both experimental groups was
better than that of the control group. Conclusions: Physical and
psychological rehabilitation activities should be practiced periodically and
should be led by professional staff. Long-term educational resources and care
should also be provided. HRV can be used to efficiently monitor the status of
the mind-body balance and is a more suitable index than questionnaires for
physical and psychological function evaluation in cancer survivors.