The Benefits of Hearing Aids and Closed Captioning for Television Viewing by Older Adults with Hearing Loss

Gordon‐Salant, Sandra; Callahan, Julia S.

doi:10.1097/aud.0b013e3181a26ef4

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…For instance, real-time captioning has been used to assist classroom learning (Bain et al 2002). Also, text in the form of closed-captioning has been shown to improve the understanding of televised speech in older adults with hearing loss (Gordon-Salant & Callahan 2009). Combining partly accurate ASR output with speech has been shown to improve speech understanding in young and middle-aged normal-hearing listeners (Zekveld et al 2008, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Text as a Supplement to Speech in Young and Older Adults

Krull

Humes

2016

Ear &Amp; Hearing

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Objective The purpose of this experiment was to quantify the contribution of visual text to auditory speech recognition in background noise. Specifically, we tested the hypothesis that partially accurate visual text from an automatic speech recognizer could be used successfully to supplement speech understanding in difficult listening conditions in older adults, with normal or impaired hearing. Our working hypotheses were based on what is known regarding audiovisual speech perception in the elderly from speechreading literature. We hypothesized that: 1) combining auditory and visual text information will result in improved recognition accuracy compared to auditory or visual text information alone; 2) benefit from supplementing speech with visual text (auditory and visual enhancement) in young adults will be greater than that in older adults; and 3) individual differences in performance on perceptual measures would be associated with cognitive abilities. Design Fifteen young adults with normal hearing, fifteen older adults with normal hearing, and fifteen older adults with hearing loss participated in this study. All participants completed sentence recognition tasks in auditory-only, text-only, and combined auditory-text conditions. The auditory sentence stimuli were spectrally shaped to restore audibility for the older participants with impaired hearing. All participants also completed various cognitive measures, including measures of working memory, processing speed, verbal comprehension, perceptual and cognitive speed, processing efficiency, inhibition, and the ability to form wholes from parts. Group effects were examined for each of the perceptual and cognitive measures. Audiovisual benefit was calculated relative to performance on auditory-only and visual-text only conditions. Finally, the relationship between perceptual measures and other independent measures were examined using principal-component factor analyses, followed by regression analyses. Results Both young and older adults performed similarly on nine out of ten perceptual measures (auditory, visual, and combined measures). Combining degraded speech with partially correct text from an automatic speech recognizer improved the understanding of speech in both young and older adults, relative to both auditory- and text-only performance. In all subjects, cognition emerged as a key predictor for a general speech-text integration ability. Conclusions These results suggest that neither age nor hearing loss affected the ability of subjects to benefit from text when used to support speech, after ensuring audibility through spectral shaping. These results also suggest that the benefit obtained by supplementing auditory input with partially accurate text is modulated by cognitive ability, specifically lexical and verbal skills.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Text as a Supplement to Speech in Young and Older Adults

Krull

Humes

2016

Ear &Amp; Hearing

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“…Improvement OF scores in HA+CC Over CC condition could be attributed to integration of bimodal sensory (auditory and the text) input. Several researchers have shown that bimodal sensory input enhances participants' ability to perceive and derive information from speech signals [15,21,22]. The basis of this perceptual advantage with bimodal input has been studied and is known to result, either, due to "selective attention" towards two sources of information, or from the "special information" available in combination, which is not available when there is no combination of two inputs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Captioning in Understanding Televised Speech in Geriatric Hearing Aid Users

Sharma¹,

Rao²

2017

J Gerontol Geriatr Res

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The present study aims to evaluate combined use of captioning and hearing aids and captions in hearing aid users. 60 subjects participated in the study. They were divided into two groups of Group A (Young adults) of 20-45 y and Group-B (Older adults) of 50-85 years. Two types of stimuli were created. Sentence stimuli (S1) and Context Stimulus (S2). S1 consisted of sentences with and without captions each with two score able words. S2 consisted of four video-clips for two minutes duration each, with and without captions. The participants were shown the stimulus in four viewing conditions 1) Baseline 2) With hearing aids 3) With captions and no hearing aids 4) with captions and hearing aids. They were required to answer 10 comprehension questions after each presentation. The results showed significant improvement in scores during combined use of captioning and hearing aids with scores of 75% and 92% in S1 and S2 in adults Group A and scores of 73% and 91% in group B IN s1 and S2 respectively. No significant difference was found between the scores in condition with hearing aid vs. without hearing aid and young adult vs. Older adults. additionally, it was found that the frequency distribution of participants on results of questionnaires was different across the two groups indicating that the young adults and older adults differ in their television viewing habits' and also that the subjective perception the hearing aid benefit is different in two populations. Thus, concluding that captioning helps in improving the understanding of televised content in Hearing aid users.

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“…Consumer satisfaction reports [ 10 – 12 ] indicate a trend for increased satisfaction with HAs when listening to TV: the percentage of satisfied HA customers increased from <70% in the years up to the year 2000 to 80% in 2008. On the other hand, Gordon-Salant and Callahan [ 13 ] measured the effects of HAs and/or closed captioning (CC) on word recognition by 15 HA users with mild to profound losses (ages 59+ years). They used equalized lists of audio-visual sentences compiled from three TV programs (news, game shows, and dramas), which were presented via a flat-screen TV at a level of 60 dBA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding amplification, to our knowledge, only Gordon-Salant and Callahan [ 13 ] have previously assessed effects of HA usage on TV listening. However, their study exclusively focused on TV speech intelligibility and involved a relatively small sample of 15 HI participants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TV listening and hearing aids

Strelcyk

Singh

2018

PLoS ONE

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TV listening plays a large role in the lives of hearing-impaired (HI) individuals. Yet, few studies have examined TV listening in this group. In this paper, we report the findings of an online survey on TV listening conducted among HI individuals with and without hearing aids (HAs) in the United States in 2015. The research investigated if and in what form TV listening experiences of unaided and aided HI individuals might differ with regard to their viewing habits, difficulties they experience, and compensation strategies they employ. 515 HI people of ages 50+ years participated, 260 of whom owned HAs. HA users reported that they watched TV or video on average for 6 hours 10 min per day, 57 minutes longer than the duration reported by non-HA owners. Furthermore, HA users indicated fewer difficulties when watching TV than non-HA owners, suggesting that HA usage alleviated difficulties with TV listening. Nevertheless, the most frequent problems were still encountered by more than 39% of the HA users. Difficulties increased with greater self-reported unaided hearing disability, and female participants indicated more problems than male participants. Finally, those with carpeted floors reported fewer difficulties than those without carpets. The most frequently used compensation strategies were changing TV or HA volumes and using closed captioning. Only few HA users used audio streaming accessories. Given the exploratory nature of this study, further research is needed to inform interventions and improve the TV listening experiences of HI viewers.

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The Benefits of Hearing Aids and Closed Captioning for Television Viewing by Older Adults with Hearing Loss

Cited by 18 publications

References 33 publications

Text as a Supplement to Speech in Young and Older Adults

Text as a Supplement to Speech in Young and Older Adults

The Effect of Captioning in Understanding Televised Speech in Geriatric Hearing Aid Users

TV listening and hearing aids

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