The Benefits of Exercise Training on Aerobic Capacity in Patients with Heart Failure and Preserved Ejection Fraction

Abstract

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is defined as an inability of the ventricles to optimally accept blood from atria with blunted end- diastolic volume response by limiting the stroke volume and cardiac output. The HEpEF prevalence is higher in elderly and women and may be associated to hypertension, diabetes mellitus and atrial fibrillation. Severe exercise intolerance, manifested by dyspnea and fatigue during physical effort is the important chronic symptom in HFpEF patients, in which is the major determinant of their reduced quality of life. In this sense, several studies demonstrated reduced aerobic capacity in terms of lower peak oxygen consumption (peak VO) in patients with HFpEF. In addition, the lower aerobic capacity observed in HFpEF may be due to impaired both convective and diffusive O transport (i.e. reduced cardiac output and arteriovenous oxygen difference, respectively).Exercise training program can help restore physiological function in order to increase aerobic capacity and improve the quality of life in HFpEF patients. Therefore, the primary purpose of this chapter was to clarify the physiological mechanisms associated with reduced aerobic capacity in HFpEF patients. Secondly, special focus was devoted to show how aerobic exercise training can improve aerobic capacity and quality of life in HFpEF patients.

Effect of different types of aerobic training on peak VO2 and ejection fraction for diastolic heart failure patients; a comparative randomized control trial

“…showed that after 3 months of aerobic exercise in preserved heart failure, there were increases in both ventilatory efficiency and aerobic capacity. After aerobic exercise, exertional dyspnea improved during performance in daily living tasks (Prado & Rocco, 2017).…”

Exercise Interventions in Cardio-Oncology Populations

“…There is evidence that exercise training results in positive cardiovascular outcomes in patients with heart failure 20 . It is known that patient fatigue improves in both patients with cancer and patients with heart failure in response to exercise interventions when these populations are examined individually 14,21 . What is currently unknown is what intervention components are in the exercise interventions in cardio-oncology patients and whether positive cardiovascular and fatigue outcomes from exercise training occur in cardio-oncology patients.…”

“…20 It is known that patient fatigue improves in both patients with cancer and patients with heart failure in response to exercise interventions when these populations are examined individually. 14,21 What is currently unknown is what intervention components are in the exercise interventions in cardio-oncology patients and whether positive cardiovascular and fatigue outcomes from exercise training occur in cardio-oncology patients. To answer this, we initially developed the following question that guided our early literature searches: What is known in the existing literature about intervention components of exercise interventions among cardio-oncology patients, and what are the cardiovascular outcomes from these exercise interventions?…”

Exercise Training-Induced Changes in MicroRNAs: Beneficial Regulatory Effects in Hypertension, Type 2 Diabetes, and Obesity

“…Aerobic exercise training is able to ameliorate dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, endothelial function, and inflammatory status [ 230 ]. It is well known that exercise training exerts beneficial effects in healthy [ 231 ] and in individuals with SAH [ 232 ], T2D [ 233 ], obesity [ 234 , 235 ], cancer [ 236 ], coronary heart disease [ 237 ], and chronic heart failure [ 238 ].…”