The Belt and Road Initiative: Reshaping economic geography in Central Asia?

Bird, Julia; Lebrand, Mathilde; Venables, Anthony J.

doi:10.1016/j.jdeveco.2020.102441

Cited by 60 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The simulation results showed that globalized public policies could promote the convergence of income disparity in the long run (Boucekkine et al, 2013 ), and many empirical studies have also found that public policy changes can explain income disparity to a large extent (Cai, 2007 ; Celeste and Nadanovsky, 2010 ). However, in the research on the globalized public policy of the BRI, some studies believed that the BRI led to a greater concentration of economic activities in some regions, especially in the BRI economies, so benefits from the BRI will not be shared equally, resulting in a widening regional income disparity (Enderwick, 2018 ; Bird et al, 2020 ), which is inconsistent with the findings of this paper and may weaken the research conclusions of this paper to a certain extent. This is mainly because the samples of these two studies are different from this paper, which can lead to different conclusions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Convergence effect of the Belt and Road Initiative on income disparity: evidence from China

Qin

Dong-mei

Gao

2022

Humanit Soc Sci Commun

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The international economic effects of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) have received much attention, but few studies have focused on the impact of the BRI on domestic regional income disparities. Here, a theoretical framework is proposed based on the logic of public policy analysis in economic geography aiming at studying the impact of the BRI on the convergence of inter-city income disparities in China. Specifically, taking the BRI as a quasi-natural experiment, the impact of the BRI on the convergence of inter-city income disparities in 26 provinces of China is studied empirically using the difference-in-differences method. We find that the BRI has indeed contributed to the convergence of regional income disparities, and this convergence effect is continuously dynamic in its nature. The effects of trade opening and industrial structure transformation are the paths through which the BRI contributes to the convergence of income disparities. Furthermore, we find that there is significant heterogeneity in the effects of the BRI on the convergence of income disparities among cities in different provinces in China. The convergence effect of the BRI on the income disparities among cities in East China is small and insignificant, whereas it can significantly reduce the income disparities among cities in Central and West China. The research in this article has important application value for exploration of the regional income distribution effect of the BRI.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Convergence effect of the Belt and Road Initiative on income disparity: evidence from China

Qin

Dong-mei

Gao

2022

Humanit Soc Sci Commun

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“…An overview of the Central Asian countries (multi-country) literature on the Granger causality (Granger, 1969) and VAR methodology (Sims, 1972) that plethora of survey around (Ashurov et al, 2020;Batsaikhan and Marek, 2017;Bird et al, 2020;Nurseiit, 2020;Rosenbaum et al, 2012). For example, Ashurov et al, (2020) investigated and identified the determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) in the Central Asian countries, specifically Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan, between 2000 to 2017.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renewable and Non-Renewable Energy Consumption, Carbon Dioxide Emissions, and Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence from Central Asian Countries

Turmunkh¹

2021

JEDS

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This study examines the relationships between non-renewable and renewable energy consumption, carbon dioxide emissions, economic growth, and population in Central Asian countries after the transition economics with the Panel Granger Causality, Panel Cointegration, and Panel non-stationarity tried to explain using the causality test, using 1992 to 2019 data from the World Development Indicators (WDI). The engagement of developing countries is an increasingly important part of addressing greenhouse gas (GHG) emission-driven climate change. As such, understanding the patterns of energy use, GHG emissions, and economic growth in developing countries is vital. Major Central Asian countries are important in this respect due to their size, rapid growth, and extensive energy reserves. It has experienced rapid growth in its economy, energy consumption, and GHG emissions in recent years. It performs tests to verify the existence of the longrun relationships among the variables and examines short and longrun causal relationships. It finds that increased fossil fuel use is the main cause of increased carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions.

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“…The Belt and Road Initiative has created an extensive transportation infrastructure, decreased transportation costs, accelerated transportation efficiency, and provided a prominent opportunity for economic growth. Despite some reports indicate that the total actual income generated by the Belt and Road Initiative is less than 2% of regional income (Bird et al, 2020), the improvement in infrastructure will contribute to an increase in employment and a concentration of economic activity, which can further boost income. However, the connectivity of transportation facilities has inevitably led to an unprecedented increase in carbon emissions from transportation that could trap the country or region in an unsustainable development cycle lasting several decades (Solaymani, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transport-Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis: Evidence From Belt and Road

Zhang,

Jiang,

Cai

et al. 2023

SAGE Open

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The conundrum of how to balance economic growth with transportation carbon abatement has never been more vital for the Belt and Road countries. This study analyzes the Transport-Environmental Kuznets Curve nexus and explores the heterogeneity using fixed-effect estimation and panel data from 1981 to 2020 in 64 Belt and Road countries. The findings indicate that there is an N-shaped nexus between transport carbon emissions and economic growth. The environmental rebound effects in some Belt and Road countries are solidified from different perspectives and show a diamond-shaped lock-in feature. Moreover, most Belt and Road countries are still in the “climbing” stage and are struggling to reconcile economic growth with reducing transport carbon emissions. These conclusions have constructive policy implications for the Belt and Road countries at the various stages of “climbing,”“nearing or crossing the top,”“heading downhill,” and “rebounding” to advance the green transportation transformation strategy.

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The Belt and Road Initiative: Reshaping economic geography in Central Asia?

Cited by 60 publications

References 20 publications

Convergence effect of the Belt and Road Initiative on income disparity: evidence from China

Convergence effect of the Belt and Road Initiative on income disparity: evidence from China

Renewable and Non-Renewable Energy Consumption, Carbon Dioxide Emissions, and Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence from Central Asian Countries

Transport-Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis: Evidence From Belt and Road

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