The behavioural, endocrine and leucocyte response of ewes to repeated removal of lambs before the age of natural weaning

Cockram, M. S.; Imlah, P.; Goddard, Pete; Harkiss, G. D.; Waran, Natalie

doi:10.1016/0168-1591(93)90061-s

Cited by 32 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…First, an extensive literature documents that vocalization rate, types of vocalization, and acoustic structure within a call type may vary with stressful contexts, such as aggression, panic, social separation, and levels of stress hormones among rodents [Goldstein et al, 1996;Blanchard et al, 1997], primates [Bayart et al, 1990;Champoux and Suomi, 1994;Laudenslager et al, 1995;Friedman et al, 1995] and pigs [von Borell and Ladewig, 1992;Désautés et al, 1997;Weary et al, 1997]. Second, vocal indices of animal welfare are already commonly exploited in food animal research to minimize distress during slaughter [Warris et al, 1994;Grandin, 1998], castration [White et al, 1993;Weary et al, 1998], branding [SchwartzkopfGenswein et al, 1997, and weaning [Cockram et al, 1993].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Terrestrial predator alarm vocalizations are a valid monitor of stress in captive brown capuchins (Cebus apella)

1999

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The vocal behavior of captive animals is increasingly exploited as an index of well‐being. Here we show that the terrestrial predator alarm (TPA) vocalization, a robust and acoustically distinctive anti‐predation vocal response present in many mammal and bird species, offers useful information on the relative well‐being and stress levels of captive animals. In a 16‐week experiment evaluating the effects of varying levels of physical environmental enrichment (control < toys < foraging box < foraging box and toys) in the cages of eight singly housed adult male brown capuchins, we quantified the 1) emission rate of TPAs, 2) proportions of normal and abnormal behavior sample intervals, and 3) fecal and plasma cortisol levels. Variation in TPA emission across the experimental conditions was significant. We found significant reductions in the mean TPA production rate by the group in the enriched (toys, foraging box, and foraging box and toys) compared to the control condition; pre‐ and post‐experimental conditions, however, did not differ from the control condition. Mean TPA production by the group was also significantly positively correlated to mean group levels of fecal cortisol and proportion of abnormal behavior sample intervals, and significantly negatively correlated to the average proportion of normal behavior sample intervals in the group. Based on group means, plasma cortisol levels were positively, but not significantly, related to increasing TPA rate. At the level of the responses of an individual subject, however, the covariation between the vocal and non‐vocal behavioral measures and the cortisol assays seldom attained significance. Nevertheless, the direction of the relationships among these parameters within individual subjects typically mirrored those correlations based on group means. At both the group mean and individual levels, our results are consistent with the interpretation that in conditions of low environmental enrichment the study subjects were more stressed, and therefore more reactive to the presence of a threatening terrestrial stimulus (human observer), than when in more enriched conditions. We suggest that protocols to evaluate the effectiveness of enrichment for captive species other than brown capuchins could also profitably exploit TPAs as a first‐line monitor or as corroboratory evidence of current well‐being. Zoo Biol 18:295–312, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Terrestrial predator alarm vocalizations are a valid monitor of stress in captive brown capuchins (Cebus apella)

1999

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“…Ewes [2] and that sensitivity to coccidiosis is enhanced in weaned lambs [18]. We therefore also measured the response to a foreign antigen in both ewes and lambs and lambs' excretion of coccidial oocysts.…”

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Psychobiological consequences of two different weaning methods in sheep

Orgeur¹,

Bernard²,

Naciri³

et al. 1999

Reprod. Nutr. Dev.

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-Weaning is associated with a break in the mother-infant contact. In sheep, under natural conditions, the rupture of the social bond is progressive. In contrast, weaning imposed by breeders may result in psychobiological disturbances. The aim of this experiment was to measure the behavioural, hormonal and immune consequences of two types of sudden weaning: total separation (TS) and partial separation (PS) ovins / sevrage / psychobiologie / bien-être

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“…Usually these changes occur quickly, reaching their maximum frequency in few hours, and lasting 3 to 4 d. The rapid end of these behaviors could be related to their lack of effectiveness, since they generate important costs without achieving positive responses (10,31) . In addition, the increase breeding of the ewe and the lamb search-related behaviors, both reduce the feeding and resting time: the animals spend less time laying, grazing and ruminating after weaning (10,30,32) . In recently weaned lambs fed on pastures or with dairy substitutes, some lambs redirect the suckling behavior trying to suck from other lambs (33) .…”

Section: Respuesta De Estrés Al Destete Artificialmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Weaning also produces acute physiological changes indicators of stress in ewes and lambs, as a rapid increase in the serum concentration y corderos reducen los comportamientos de alimentación y descanso: los animales pasan menos tiempo echados, pastando y rumiando luego del destete (10,30,32) . En corderos recién destetados alimentados en base a pasturas o con sustitutos lácteos, se ha observado que algunos corderos redirigen el comportamiento de succión intentando mamar de otros corderos (33) .…”

Section: Respuesta De Estrés Al Destete Artificialunclassified

Destete artificial en ovinos: respuesta de estrés y bienestar animal. Revisión

Freitas‐de‐Melo

Ungerfeld

2016

Rev. Mex. Cienc. Pecu.

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El vínculo oveja-cordero se establece al parto y cambia a lo largo del periodo de lactación hasta el destete natural. El destete artificial es un manejo frecuentemente utilizado en los diferentes tipos de sistemas de producción ovina, que es realizado más tempranamente que el destete natural. Es uno de los eventos más estresantes en la vida del animal, ya que genera cambios fisiológicos y de comportamiento fuertemente indicadores de estrés, pudiendo afectar negativamente la salud y el bienestar animal tanto de ovejas como de corderos, así como los resultados productivos. La presente revisión sintetiza y analiza información sobre cómo se establece el vínculo madre-cría, el desarrollo del mismo durante el período de lactación y el proceso de destete natural, así como los cambios que se producen cuando el destete se adelanta artificialmente. Además, se describe la respuesta generada por el destete artificial y qué factores la afectan, a nivel fisiológico, de comportamiento y productivo. Por último, se presenta la información existente sobre posibles estrategias que permitan minimizar los efectos negativos del estrés de destete artificial. Se agrega información original sobre cómo la variación cualitativa y cuantitativa de la oferta de pastura en los sistemas extensivos de producción ovino pueden afectar la respuesta de destete de los corderos, y manejos con potencialidad práctica que pueden mitigar la respuesta al destete artificial. Se especifican aspectos en los que existe necesidad de investigación para mejorar la comprensión y desarrollar alternativas sobre cómo modular la respuesta de estrés al destete.

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The behavioural, endocrine and leucocyte response of ewes to repeated removal of lambs before the age of natural weaning

Cited by 32 publications

References 23 publications

Terrestrial predator alarm vocalizations are a valid monitor of stress in captive brown capuchins (Cebus apella)

Terrestrial predator alarm vocalizations are a valid monitor of stress in captive brown capuchins (Cebus apella)

Psychobiological consequences of two different weaning methods in sheep

Destete artificial en ovinos: respuesta de estrés y bienestar animal. Revisión

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