The Behaviour of Flatfishes

Gibson, R. N.

doi:10.1002/9780470995259.ch10

Cited by 33 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 139 publications

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“…This behaviour in sand would move the sand to bury the fish (Table 1). This behaviour was termed the "burying" behaviour and has been described for common sole (Kruuk, 1963) and flatfish in general (Gibson, 2005). The "burying" behaviour was observed in three different situations.…”

Section: Ethogrammentioning

confidence: 95%

Reproductive ethogram and mate selection in captive wild Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis)

Carazo¹,

Chereguini²,

Martín³

et al. 2017

Span. j. agric. res.

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cies and also within some species. Mate selection and gamete release is a key factor that determines which genes or phenotypes are either passed to the next generation or lost (Berglund, 1997;Edward, 2015). Therefore, the description and understanding of a species spawning behaviour has implications for evolution and practical applications for aquaculture and conservation biology to maintain genetic pools and improve stocks. RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS AbstractSenegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) have a high potential for aquaculture that is hampered by reproductive behavioural problems. These problems result in limited breeder participation in spawning. The present study provided an ethogram and described mate selection and spawning of captive wild Senegalese sole. Two tanks of breeders were studied that had 29 and 25 breeders (mean weight = 1.6 ± 0.1 kg). The behaviour was studied during 20 periods of 24 hours: 10 periods where spawning events were recorded and 10 control periods without spawning events. Periods where spawning occurred had three times more locomotor activity than periods without spawning. Two distinct behaviours, termed the "following" behaviour and the "coupled swim", were only observed during periods with spawning. The courtship sequence (n=12) began with males predominantly involved in "following" behaviours, whilst females remained mainly stationary on the bottom of the tank. Males rested on the females and encouraged the females to begin swimming. When the female began to swim the male swam under the female and the pair made a "coupled swim" to the surface to release gametes. Gamete release was strictly in pairs of one male with one female. Failed "coupled swims" without gamete release were 5.6 times more frequent than successful "coupled swims". Mate selection was evident as the sole engaged in: paired spawning, males displayed to females, males encouraged females to spawn and females accepted or rejected the male's advances. The mate selection process provided the opportunity for fish to dominate the spawning and also demonstrated how fish were excluded from spawning.

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Section: Ethogrammentioning

confidence: 95%

Reproductive ethogram and mate selection in captive wild Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis)

Carazo¹,

Chereguini²,

Martín³

et al. 2017

Span. j. agric. res.

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“…during the ice-covered period) and habitat overlap (Allen & Smith 1988). Flatfish often use an ambush foraging strategy to capture prey (Gibson 2005); for example, Kawabe et al (2004) observed rapid ambush movements of ~40 s into the pelagic water column by Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus to catch prey. Greenland halibut may undertake a similar strategy; however, the shortest sampling period interval used in this study (150 s) would likely not be able to identify such rapid foraging movements.…”

Section: Depth Preferencementioning

confidence: 99%

Depth and temperature preferences of the deepwater flatfish Greenland halibut Reinhardtius hippoglossoides in an Arctic marine ecosystem

Peklova¹,

Hussey²,

Hedges³

et al. 2012

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Little is known about the movement of Arctic marine fish, particularly benthic species, despite growing pressure from commercial fisheries and a changing climate. The Greenland halibut Reinhardtius hippoglossoides lives in the deep, cold waters of the Arctic, North Atlantic and Pacific Oceans where it represents an important commercial fish species and a significant prey resource for whales and sharks. To investigate movement, depth and temperature preferences of Greenland halibut, 9 large (83 to 95 cm fork length) individuals were tagged with pop-off archival transmitting tags in Cumberland Sound, Baffin Island in August 2010 to record data for 70, 100 and 300 d. While all tags reported back, 7 tags provided the bulk of the data, transmitting (mean ± SD) 67 ± 7% of the data collected. Greenland halibut exhibited strong site fidelity to localised deep areas (900 to 1400 m), but ranged between ~400 and 1400 m, with all tags poppingoff within 27 km of the tagging location. Mean depth was 1048 ± 112 m (n = 7) during the ice-free season and 823 ± 121 m (n = 2) during the ice-covered season. Temperature occupied by Greenland halibut from August until June ranged from 1.3 to 2.7°C (mean ± SD: 2.2 ± 0.01°C). A mixedeffect model found preferred depth did not vary within a diel cycle, but did change among months. Seasonal movements coincided with ice cover, but further work is needed to clarify this relationship and determine the extent and timing of these movements within and beyond Cumberland Sound. KEY WORDS: Arctic · Movement patterns · Archival tags · Marine fish · Depth preferences · Sea iceResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher Mar Ecol Prog Ser 467: 193-205, 2012 marine fishes, e.g. distribution and maturation of larvae (Gibson 1997, Sohn et al. 2010. Understanding how the characteristics of Arctic marine ecosystems relate to fish movement patterns (i.e. linking environmental parameters with the distribution and abundance of fishing resources) is of critical importance for the management and conservation of Arctic marine fish stocks (Schick et al. 2008).Satellite telemetry has been used to study the movement, behaviour and environmental preferences of a wide range of aquatic species, including sharks (Sims et al. 2003, 2008, Teo et al. 2004, Brunnschweiler et al. 2010) and many teleostei, such as tuna (Block et al. 2001, Kitagawa et al. 2004, Schaefer & Fuller 2004 and flatfishes (Seitz et al. 2003, Loher & Seitz 2006, Loher & Blood 2009). These tags are attached externally to the fish, during which time they record depth, temperature and light, and release after a specified length of time, thus providing insight into horizontal and vertical movements and habitat use over different spatial and temporal scales (Block et al. 2001, Wearmouth & Sims 2009, Humphries et al. 2010. There is no requirement to recapture tagged individuals, making this technology particularly useful for studying fish in deepwater habitats and extreme environments, such as the Arctic, wher...

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“…Amara (2003) indicates that despite the concentration and high abundance of juvenile sole and plaice during summer, their growth is determined by the prevailing water temperature and not by food availability. Moreover, in the case of the soles, being visual feeders, the interaction of decreasing food availability and day length during winter can reduce access to the food resource (Gibson 2005). In the case of the plaice, the winter growth arrest is not only related to low winter water (P > 0.1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Amara (2003) indica que a pesar de la concentración y la elevada abundancia de jóvenes de lenguado y platija durante el verano, su crecimiento está determinado principalmente por la temperatura del agua y no por la disponibilidad de alimento. En el caso del lenguado, que es un depredador visual, la interacción de la disminución de la disponibilidad de alimento y de la duración de las horas de luz solar durante el invierno puede reducir el acceso a los recursos alimenticios (Gibson 2005). En el caso de la platija, la disminución del crecimiento durante el invierno no está relacionada única-mente con las bajas temperaturas del agua, sino también con factores medioambientales desfavorables, como la disminución de la abundancia de presas y la reducción de las horas de luz solar, que afectan al éxito alimenticio (Amara 2003, Link et al 2005, Rijnsdorp y Witthames 2005, Vinagre et al 2006, Félix et al 2011.…”

Section: Figura 4 Curva De Crecimiento Estacional De Von Bertalanffyunclassified

Validation of age determination methods and growth studies of the sand sole Pegusa lascaris (Soleidae) from the eastern-central Atlantic

Pajuelo

Nespereira

2011

Cienc. Mar.

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ABSTRACT. The age and growth of the sand sole Pegusa lascaris from the Canarian Archipelago were studied from 2107 fish collected between January 2005 and December 2007. To find an appropriate method for age determination, sagittal otoliths were observed by surface-reading and frontal section and the results were compared. The two methods did not differ significantly in estimated age but the surface-reading method is superior in terms of cost and time efficiency. The sand sole has a moderate life span, with ages up to 10 years recorded. Individuals grow quickly in their first two years, attaining approximately 48% of their maximum standard length; after the second year, their growth rate drops rapidly as energy is diverted to reproduction. Males and females show dimorphism in growth, with females reaching a slightly greater length and age than males. Von Bertalanffy, seasonalized von Bertalanfy, Gompertz, and Schnute growth models were fitted to length-at-age data. Akaike weights for the seasonalized von Bertalanffy growth model indicated that the probability of choosing the correct model from the group of models used was >0.999 for males and females. The seasonalized von Bertalanffy growth parameters estimated were: L ∞ = 309 mm standard length, k = 0.166 yr Key words: Pegusa lascaris, age determination, otoliths, growth models. RESUMEN.Se estudió la edad y el crecimiento del lenguado de arena Pegusa lascaris de las Islas Canarias a partir de 2107 ejemplares capturados entre enero de 2005 y diciembre de 2007. Para determinar el método de estimación de la edad, se hicieron lecturas de los otolitos sagita enteros y de la sección frontal y se compararon los dos métodos. Ambos métodos no variaron significativamente en la estimación de la edad, pero el método de la lectura del otolito entero es superior en términos de costo y tiempo. El lenguado de arena presenta un ciclo de vida moderado; se han registrado edades de 10 años. Los individuos crecen rápidamente durante los primeros dos años, cuando alcanzan aproximadamente el 48% de su longitud; después del segundo año, su crecimiento se ralentiza considerablemente debido a que invierten su energía en la reproducción. Se observó dimorfismo en el crecimiento entre machos y hembras: las hembras presentaron longitudes y edades ligeramente superiores a las de los machos. Para describir el crecimiento, los modelos de von Bertalanffy (simple y estacional), el de Gompertz y el de Schnute se ajustaron a los datos de talla y edad. Los pesos de Akaike para el modelo estacional de von Bertalanffy indicaron que la probabilidad de elegir el modelo correcto fue >0.999 para machos y hembras. Los parámetros estimados de la ecuación de crecimiento estacional de von Bertalanffy fueron los siguientes: L ∞ = 309 mm longitud estándar, k = 0.166 año , t 0 = -1.653 año, C = 0.820 y ts = 0.691 para las hembras. Se observó una alta correlación entre la longitud estándar y el radio de los otolitos (R 2 = 0.902), que fue descrita mediante una función potencial (a = 85.11, v = 0.906).Palabras cl...

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The Behaviour of Flatfishes

Cited by 33 publications

References 139 publications

Reproductive ethogram and mate selection in captive wild Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis)

Reproductive ethogram and mate selection in captive wild Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis)

Depth and temperature preferences of the deepwater flatfish Greenland halibut Reinhardtius hippoglossoides in an Arctic marine ecosystem

Validation of age determination methods and growth studies of the sand sole Pegusa lascaris (Soleidae) from the eastern-central Atlantic

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