The behaviour of caeruloplasmin in stored human extracellular fluids in relation to ferroxidase II activity, lipid peroxidation and phenanthroline-detectable copper

Abstract

No Cu(II) ion is measurable in human serum or synovial fluid by the phenanthroline assay. On storage of human serum or synovial fluid at 4 degrees C, phenanthroline-detectable copper appears, lipid peroxidation occurs, ferroxidase I activity declines and ferroxidase II activity rises, yet there is no fall in immunologically detectable caeruloplasmin. Storage of body fluids at -20 degrees C or -70 degrees C slows, but does not prevent, these deteriorative changes. It is suggested that the presence of low-molecular-mass Cu(II) ion complexes, ferroxidase II activity, "cytotoxic factors' and "immunosuppressive factors' in body fluids may be, in part or in whole, an artifact of the storage and handling of the fluids. A report [Blake, Blann, Bacon, Farr, Gutteridge & Halliwell (1983) Clin. Sci. 64, 551-553] that the caeruloplasmin present in rheumatoid synovial fluid is deficient in ferroxidase activity is shown to be such an artifact. It is strongly recommended that all such experiments be performed upon freshly taken fluid samples.

Decreased Total Antioxidant Response and Increased Oxidative Stress in Behcet's Disease

“…CP also has antioxidant properties (Gutteridge et al 1985). It has been reported that ROS inhibit CP activity (Gutteridge et al 1985). The decrease in CP activity along with other antioxidants in BD group may support this claim and it seems to be an expected result.…”

“…The decrease in CP activity along with other antioxidants in BD group may support this claim and it seems to be an expected result. However, it is also possible that increased oxidants may be responsible for the decrease in CP activity, as stated (Gutteridge et al 1985).…”

“…In the present study, however, it has been found that CP activity is reduced in BD and that CP is negatively correlated with CRP, a marker of acute phase response, and positively correlated with SH which is known as an antioxidant. CP also has antioxidant properties (Gutteridge et al 1985). It has been reported that ROS inhibit CP activity (Gutteridge et al 1985).…”

“…Level of SH and activities of PON and ARE have been shown to decrease in patients with BD (Kose et al 1995;Karakucuk et al 2004;Bekpinar et al 2005). Ceruloplasmin (CP) produced by hepatocytes is an acute phase protein and has antioxidant characteristics (Gutteridge et al 1985). It has been reported that the activity of CP increases in patients with BD (Kose et al 1995;Taysi et al 2002).…”

Transition metal ions within human atherosclerotic lesions can catalyse the oxidation of low density lipoprotein by macrophages

“…Pooled gruel from several lesions in the same aorta was frozen at -70°C. Storage at -70°C did not exceed 1 month which, normally does not result in oxidative deterioration of biological samples [21].…”