Background: Patients diagnosed with chronic illnesses form personalized perceptions of their conditions, which guide their coping strategies and illness outcomes. Leventhal's Common-Sense Model outlines these beliefs, including illness identity, consequences, timeline, causes and controllability. Aims: This narrative review aims to synthesize existing literature examining the association between illness perceptions and illness outcomes in patients with hematologic disorders. Method: An extensive search was conducted in Pubmed, APA PsycInfo and Web of Science databases up to December 2023. Inclusion criteria encompassed adult patients with hematologic disorders, peer-reviewed studies utilizing the Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ), the Revised IPQ or the Brief-IPQ in English and primary studies measuring relationships between illness perceptions and outcome variables. Eight articles met these criteria. Results: Among adults with hematologic diseases, including hemophilia, leukemia and cutaneous lymphoma, patients' perceptions of their disease have shown interesting associations with outcomes, like anxiety and depression levels, fatigue, psychological well-being and cancer-specific distress. In some reports, negative perceptions have been associated with poorer outcomes. Limitations: Published articles not indexed in the above-mentioned databases or those in the grey literature were not included. Non-English language studies were excluded, while some of the studies did not explore the relationships between illness perceptions and outcomes over time. Conclusions: This review highlights the relationship between illness perceptions and illness outcomes across various hematologic patient populations.