The behaviour and ecology of the zebrafish,<i>Danio rerio</i>

Spence, Rowena; Gerlach, Gabriele; Lawrence, Christian; Smith, Carl

doi:10.1111/j.1469-185x.2007.00030.x

Cited by 913 publications

(754 citation statements)

References 166 publications

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“…Zebrafish is considered to have a wide thermal tolerance zone (72) and lives in the 16.5 to 38.6°C range of temperature in the wild (73,74). Interestingly, the elevated temperature used in this study, 36°C, falls within the above range.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Heat-induced masculinization in domesticated zebrafish is family-specific and yields a set of different gonadal transcriptomes

Ribas

Liew

Díaz

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

110

136

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Understanding environmental influences on sex ratios is important for the study of the evolution of sex-determining mechanisms and for evaluating the effects of global warming and chemical pollution. Fishes exhibit sexual plasticity, but the underlying mechanisms of environmental effects on their reproduction are unclear even in the well-established teleost research model, the zebrafish. Here we established the conditions to study the effects of elevated temperature on zebrafish sex. We showed that sex ratio response to elevated temperature is family-specific and typically leads to masculinization (female-to-male sex reversal), resulting in neomales. These results uncovered genotype-by-environment interactions that support a polygenic sex determination system in domesticated (laboratory) zebrafish. We found that some heat-treated fish had gene expression profiles similar to untreated controls of the same sex, indicating that they were resistant to thermal effects. Further, most neomales had gonadal transcriptomes similar to that of regular males. Strikingly, we discovered heat-treated females that displayed a normal ovarian phenotype but with a "male-like" gonadal transcriptome. Such major transcriptomic reprogramming with preserved organ structure has never been reported. Juveniles were also found to have a male-like transcriptome shortly after exposure to heat. These findings were validated by analyzing the expression of genes and signaling pathways associated with sex differentiation. Our results revealed a lasting thermal effect on zebrafish gonads, suggesting new avenues for detection of functional consequences of elevated temperature in natural fish populations in a global warming scenario.A major paradox in developmental biology is the lack of conservation of sex-determining mechanisms even in closely related taxa (1). Thus, in mammals and birds, sex is genetically canalized by a chromosomal sex determination (CSD) system of male (XX/XY in mammals) or female (ZW/ZZ in birds) heterogamety, driven by the action of a master sex-determining gene: sry in mammals and dmrt1 in birds (1). In contrast, fish sex can be very plastic, with the combination of genetic and environmental influences (2). In addition to fish species with CSD, there are species with polygenic sex determination (PSD), in which sex depends on the combined action of several promale and profemale genetic factors, and species with temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD) (3). Understanding how the environment influences sex ratios in vertebrates is of fundamental importance in the study of the evolution of sex-determining mechanisms (4, 5). It is also of practical relevance in evaluating the effects of climate change and chemical pollution (6, 7).The effects of temperature on gene expression during sex differentiation have been investigated in different teleost species, including the African catfish, Clarias gariepinus (8), European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax (9, 10), Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus (11), pejerrey, Odontesthes...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Heat-induced masculinization in domesticated zebrafish is family-specific and yields a set of different gonadal transcriptomes

Ribas

Liew

Díaz

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

110

136

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“…The temperatures of 28°C and 33°C were selected to represent current ambient and future mean temperatures across India and Bangladesh during the monsoon season, which coincides with the main spawning season for zebrafish (38). Temperature elevation to 33°C was based on worst-case predictions (82) according to Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change scenario A2 for the Indian subcontinent in the year 2100.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used the individual-based PVA modeling software Vortex, version 9.99c (89,91) to model the population-level impact of sex ratio skews determined by temperature, clotrimazole exposure, and breeding in our experimental exposures and emergent inbreeding depression on first-year (juvenile) survivorship. Mean adult survivorship and fecundity did not differ between inbreds and outbreds (83), but these and all other vital rates were allowed to vary within typical ranges (SDs) accounting for natural fluctuations (due to demographic and environmental stochasticity) measured, or estimated, for wild zebrafish (38,46,49,92,93). The parameterization of Vortex is summarized in Fig.…”

Section: R Foundation For Statistical Computing)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The zebrafish is a freshwater species native to the Indian subcontinent and has been studied widely as a model animal in biomedical and environmental science (36)(37)(38). Importantly, the sex-determining mechanism in zebrafish is known to be modified by environmental factors, and independent exposures to elevated water temperatures (21,39), and to chemicals that inhibit aromatase, have been shown to induce male development in this species (39,40).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Climate change and pollution speed declines in zebrafish populations

Brown

Owen

Peters

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are potent environmental contaminants, and their effects on wildlife populations could be exacerbated by climate change, especially in species with environmental sex determination. Endangered species may be particularly at risk because inbreeding depression and stochastic fluctuations in male and female numbers are often observed in the small populations that typify these taxa. Here, we assessed the interactive effects of water temperature and EDC exposure on sexual development and population viability of inbred and outbred zebrafish (Danio rerio). Water temperatures adopted were 28°C (current ambient mean spawning temperature) and 33°C (projected for the year 2100). The EDC selected was clotrimazole (at 2 μg/L and 10 μg/L), a widely used antifungal chemical that inhibits a key steroidogenic enzyme [cytochrome P450(CYP19) aromatase] required for estrogen synthesis in vertebrates. Elevated water temperature and clotrimazole exposure independently induced maleskewed sex ratios, and the effects of clotrimazole were greater at the higher temperature. Male sex ratio skews also occurred for the lower clotrimazole exposure concentration at the higher water temperature in inbred fish but not in outbred fish. Population viability analysis showed that population growth rates declined sharply in response to male skews and declines for inbred populations occurred at lower male skews than for outbred populations. These results indicate that elevated temperature associated with climate change can amplify the effects of EDCs and these effects are likely to be most acute in small, inbred populations exhibiting environmental sex determination and/or differentiation.

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“…Underwater, visibility is much more restricted than in air owing to floating particles that absorb and scatter light. Zebrafish live in waters with a typical visibility of only 30 cm [15]. Under such circumstances, it may be advantageous to stay close to structures that provide visual feedback about self-motion, instead of swimming away from them-a strategy that could leave the animal without any visual feedback and, therefore, without a reliable means of controlling self-motion.…”

Section: (B) Centringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of self-motion in dynamic fluids: fish do it differently from bees

et al. 2014

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To detect and avoid collisions, animals need to perceive and control the distance and the speed with which they are moving relative to obstacles. This is especially challenging for swimming and flying animals that must control movement in a dynamic fluid without reference from physical contact to the ground. Flying animals primarily rely on optic flow to control flight speed and distance to obstacles. Here, we investigate whether swimming animals use similar strategies for self-motion control to flying animals by directly comparing the trajectories of zebrafish (Danio rerio) and bumblebees (Bombus terrestris) moving through the same experimental tunnel. While moving through the tunnel, black and white patterns produced (i) strong horizontal optic flow cues on both walls, (ii) weak horizontal optic flow cues on both walls and (iii) strong optic flow cues on one wall and weak optic flow cues on the other. We find that the mean speed of zebrafish does not depend on the amount of optic flow perceived from the walls. We further show that zebrafish, unlike bumblebees, move closer to the wall that provides the strongest visual feedback. This unexpected preference for strong optic flow cues may reflect an adaptation for self-motion control in water or in environments where visibility is limited.

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The behaviour and ecology of the zebrafish,Danio rerio

Cited by 913 publications

References 166 publications

Heat-induced masculinization in domesticated zebrafish is family-specific and yields a set of different gonadal transcriptomes

Heat-induced masculinization in domesticated zebrafish is family-specific and yields a set of different gonadal transcriptomes

Climate change and pollution speed declines in zebrafish populations

Control of self-motion in dynamic fluids: fish do it differently from bees

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