The Behaviour and Availability of Cd, Ni and Pb in Polluted Soils

Alloway, B. J.; Morgan, Hilary

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-5181-5_9

Cited by 29 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…This suggests that Cd uptake by plants was to a great extent dependent on the Cd content of the soils. Similar results have been reported by others (Lund et al, 1981;Alloway & Morgan, 1985). Alloway and Morgan ( 1985) found that cabbage, lettuce, carrot and radish grown in clay soil accumulated higher amounts of Cd than those grown in the sandy soil, though the clay soil had a slightly higher pH and…”

Section: Cadmium Concentrations In Plantssupporting

confidence: 90%

Cadmium Availability to Plants as Affected by Repeated Applications of Phosphorus Fertilizers

Singh

1995

Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Soil & Plant Sc

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Effects of repeated applications of different P fertilizers on Cd availability to plants were studied. A sandy and a loam soil were treated with lime to achieve three pH levels. Oat (Auena satiua L.), ryegrass (Loliirni niirhi~oorto~i L.), carrot (Dazrnts carota L.) and spinach (Spkacia oleracea L.) were grown as test crops in the greenhouse. Application of Cd-containing NPK fertilizers, ranging from 2.7 to 12.52 mg kg-' Cd, increased the Cd concentrations in plant species as well as the DTPA-and NH,NO,-extractable Cd in the soils. Use of phosphate rock increased neither the extractable soil Cd nor the Cd concentration in plants. The low recovery of Cd from phosphate rock might be due both to low solubility of the phosphate, but also to a generally lower recovery of Cd when the added amount increases. The DTPA-and NH,NO,-extractable soil Cd were significantly increased by repeated applications of high-Cd NPK fertilizer, but the increases in plant Cd concentration over the years were not consistent. Cadmium concentration in plants generally decreased with increasing soil pH.

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Section: Cadmium Concentrations In Plantssupporting

confidence: 90%

Cadmium Availability to Plants as Affected by Repeated Applications of Phosphorus Fertilizers

Singh

1995

Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Soil & Plant Sc

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“…The concentrations of Pb and Cd in the equilibrated soil solutions were in the range 3.5-3600.0pgdmp3 and 2.1-1278.0 pg dm-3 respectively; these figures cover the same wide range reported in the literature (Mahler et ul., 1980;Garcia-Miragaya, 1984;Shaw et al, 1984;Alloway & Morgan, 1986) but are generally lower than several studies to date. Agreement was good between duplicate soil suspensions; the average coefficient of variation was 4.1 %.…”

Section: Solid+solution Equilibria Of Ph and CDmentioning

confidence: 71%

The solidsolution equilibria of lead and cadmium in polluted soils

Jopony

Young

1994

European J Soil Science

117

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A method for the measurement of Pb and Cd in equilibrium soil solutions involving soil equilibration with a dilute Ca electrolyte, centrifugation and filtration to < 0.2 pm was evaluated.The procedure was subsequently used for the analysis of 100 Pb-and 30 Cd-contaminated soils. Solutions were analysed for Pb and Cd using graphite-furnace AAS and the concentrations of Pb2+ and Cd2+ were estimated using standard speciation calculations.The concentrations of Pb and Cd found in the soil solutions were in the range 3.5-36OOpg dmp3 and 2.7-1278 pg dm-3 respectively; both ranges represented less than 0.1% of the total metal concentration in the soils. Depending on solution pH, Pb2+ accounted for between 42-78% of Pb in solution while about 65% of Cd in solution was present as Cd2+. The concentrations of Pb2+ and Cd2+ in solution suggested that the soil solutions were undersaturated with respect to the solid phases PbC03 and CdC03 but supersaturated with respect to Pbs(P04)3Cl and, for some samples, Cd3(P04)2 respectively. However, for both metals, a good empirical relationship was obtained between the total metal concentration in soil (mol kg-'), free metal concentration in solution (mol dm-3) and solution pH. The relationships took the general form of a pH-dependent Freundlich adsorption equation: log[total metal] -nlog[free metal] = K I + KzpH.For both lead and cadmium relationships, the values of rz and K 1 were close to unity, so that the distribution coefficient could be estimated from pH and a single metal-dependent constant, K2.The algorithms appeared to be valid over a metal concentration range of four logarithmic units and pH range of 3.5-7.5.

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“…The concentrations found with CaCl 2 and DTPA extractions determine the amount of readily available forms of metals Alloway et al (1986). The results of these two extraction methods indicate, despite the use of extractants characterised by a different chemical nature (neutral salt, complexing agent), similar concentrations of the metals that were analysed (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy metals: their pathway from the ground, groundwater and springs to Lake Góreckie (Poland)

Walna

Siepak

2011

Environ Monit Assess

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The migration pathways of heavy metals derived from an area previously in agricultural use was investigated in the Wielkopolski National Park (mid-western Poland). The heavy metals involved (Cd, Cu, Cr, Pb, Ni and Zn) were determined in groundwater, the springs that feed Lake Góreckie and the lake itself. In order to show how the heavy metals may be set free and what is their biological availability, soil and sediment samples were subjected to single-stage extraction, using 0.01 M CaCl(2), 0.02 M EDTA, 0.005 M DTPA, 0.1 M HCl, 1 M HCl and de-ionised water. Varying metal concentrations were recorded in the water samples during the study period (from November 2009 to July 2010), usually with higher values in winter and lower ones in summer. The seasonal changes may be ascribed to natural processes taking place in the ground- and surface waters of Lake Góreckie. On the other hand, the concentration levels (mostly of Cd, Pb and Cr) are indicative of anthropogenic activity. It should be mentioned in this context that the highest metal concentrations were found in the soil layer. The concentrations were also found to exceed both the Polish and the World Health Organization water-quality standards. It appears that the soils are highly contaminated, mostly with cadmium. The long-lasting effect of acid precipitation in the area makes it possible for immobile forms to become mobile, thus facilitating further migration into the environment.

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The Behaviour and Availability of Cd, Ni and Pb in Polluted Soils

Cited by 29 publications

References 4 publications

Cadmium Availability to Plants as Affected by Repeated Applications of Phosphorus Fertilizers

Cadmium Availability to Plants as Affected by Repeated Applications of Phosphorus Fertilizers

The solidsolution equilibria of lead and cadmium in polluted soils

Heavy metals: their pathway from the ground, groundwater and springs to Lake Góreckie (Poland)

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