The Behavior of Sorbitan Surfactants at the Water–Oil Interface: Straight-Chained Hydrocarbons from Pentane to Dodecane as an Oil Phase

Peltonen, Leena; Hirvonen, Jouni; Yliruusi, Jouko

doi:10.1006/jcis.2001.7612

Cited by 114 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…It should be noted that the concentrations of Span 80 were all well above the critical micelle concentration (CMC)-CMC values for Span 80 in many aliphatic hydrocarbons are on the order of 0.001 wt %. 16 However, no solubilization of water into the reverse micelles was observed during the interfacial tension experiments (the volumes of water drops did not significantly change over time), and the viscosity of mineral oil solutions did not significantly change with increases in Span 80 concentration over the concentration range used for this work. Figure 9 shows that Arquad 2HT affects the dispersion viscosity differently than Span 80.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 89%

The effects of capillary forces on the flow properties of glass particle suspensions in mineral oil

2010

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The effect of water on the flow behavior of glass microspheres dispersed in mineral oil was investigated for various levels of water, particle volume fractions, and particle sizes. The addition of small amounts of water leads to large increases in viscosity due to the formation of water bridges between particles that give rise to capillary forces between the particles. The capillary forces between the particles also make the flow profile highly shear-thinning across the range of particle volume fractions that were studied (0.10 to 0.25). The presence of water leads to a significant effect of particle size, and the viscosity of dispersion goes through a maximum as the amount of water is increased. Two hydrophobic surfactants, Span 80 and Arquad 2HT, were found to reduce the viscosity of the dispersions with added water, but the mechanism and extent of viscosity reduction differed.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 89%

The effects of capillary forces on the flow properties of glass particle suspensions in mineral oil

2010

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“…Similarly, oil type whether it is triglyceride form or long chain hydrocarbon can change the physical properties of the systems. Oil can affect the interfacial tension and surface pressure as well as the stability of the system [6,7]. This study is concerned with the evaluation of palm oil ester as the internal phase of O/W cream for topical application.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Pseudoternary Phase Diagram Behaviour and the Effect of Several Tweens and Spans on Palm Oil Esters Characteristics.

Abdulkarim¹,

Abdullah²,

Sakeena³

et al. 2011

Int J Drug Del

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Palm oil esters are high molecular weight esters oil that has been newly synthesized by University Putra Malaysia researchers. It has received a lot of attention for its pharmaceutical and chemical application. The aim of this study is to study the effects of the palm oil esters with different HLB surfactant mixture on the ternary diagrams behaviour and to confine the various systems resulted from these combinations. These systems include traditional emulsion, gel area, transpernat micro-emulsion area, O/W and W/O emulsions. In this study, pseudoternary phase diagrams of water, POEs and non-ionic surfactant mixture of several HLB values were constructed using water titration method. The resultant mixtures collected after each addition and mixing of water were analysed visually, along with conductivity, dilution in water and dye test (methylene blue) to classify them as O/W emulsion (transparent and opaque) or W/O (opaque) and liquid or gel. As a conclusion, palm oil esters were found to be suitable for the formulation of different types of emulsion. Additionally, different HLB value of non-ionic surfactant(s) exhibited different pseudoternary phase diagram characteristics.

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“…It was believed that the small particle size of OO20% could be due to the presence of the two double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain. The presence of two double bonds altered the conformation of the hydrocarbon tail, thus minimizing the unfavorable interaction between the non-polar and polar molecules, and at the same time, internal forces such as bond, angle and dihedral position could also act on the interaction in the nanoemulsions systems (21). The results also showed that the particle size for the formulations of oleyl laurate was the largest of the three systems.…”

Section: Effect Of Percentage Of Oil On Nanoemulsions Systemsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Phase Behaviour and Formation of Fatty Acid Esters Nanoemulsions Containing Piroxicam

et al. 2013

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Abstract. Fatty acid esters are long-chain esters, produced from the reaction of fatty acids and alcohols. They possess potential applications in cosmetic and pharmaceutical formulations due to their excellent wetting behaviour at interfaces and a non-greasy feeling when applied on the skin surfaces. This preliminary work was carried out to construct pseudo-ternary phase diagrams for oleyl laurate, oleyl stearate and oleyl oleate with surfactants and piroxicam. Then, the preparation and optimization study via 'One-At-ATime Approach' were carried out to determine the optimum amount of oil, surfactants and stabilizer using low-energy emulsification method. The results revealed that multi-phase region dominated the three pseudo-ternary phase diagrams. A composition was chosen from each multi-phase region for preparing the nanoemulsions systems containing piroxicam by incorporating a hydrocolloid stabilizer. The results showed that the optimum amount (w/w) of oil for oleyl laurate nanoemulsions was 30 and 20 g (w/w) for oleyl stearate nanoemulsions and oleyl oleate nanoemulsions. For each nanoemulsions system, the amount of mixed surfactants and stabilizer needed for the emulsification to take place was found to be 10 and 0.5 g (w/w), respectively. The emulsification process via high-energy emulsification method successfully produced nano-sized range particles. The nanoemulsions systems passed the centrifugation test and freeze-thaw cycle with no phase failures, and stable for 3 months at various storage temperatures (3°C, 25°C and 45°C). The results proved that the prepared nanoemulsions system cannot be formed spontaneously, and thus, energy input was required to produce nano-sized range particles.

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The Behavior of Sorbitan Surfactants at the Water–Oil Interface: Straight-Chained Hydrocarbons from Pentane to Dodecane as an Oil Phase

Cited by 114 publications

References 31 publications

The effects of capillary forces on the flow properties of glass particle suspensions in mineral oil

The effects of capillary forces on the flow properties of glass particle suspensions in mineral oil

Study of Pseudoternary Phase Diagram Behaviour and the Effect of Several Tweens and Spans on Palm Oil Esters Characteristics.

Phase Behaviour and Formation of Fatty Acid Esters Nanoemulsions Containing Piroxicam

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