“…Biomaterials in the bladder tissue engineering are biological materials, such as acellular tissue matrices [10,11], derived from natural sources or synthetic polymers, such as polycaprolacton (PCL) [7,12], using various fabrication techniques such as electrospinning, solvent casting, particulate leaching, 3D printing, gas foaming, phase separation, and freeze drying [9,[13][14][15][16]. Incorporation of both biological and synthetic materials along with the goal of reinforcing matrices' mechanical properties and optimizing biological properties has been proposed in previous studies [12].…”