The Battlefield of Chemotherapy in Pediatric Cancers

Bo, Letao; Wang, Youyou; Li, Yidong; Wurpel, John N.D.; Huang, Zoufang; Chen, Zhe‐Sheng

doi:10.3390/cancers15071963

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 156 publications

(162 reference statements)

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“…These regulatory mutations can enhance the efflux activity of these pumps, allowing the bacteria to expel multiple types of drugs and thereby develop resistance to various antibiotics. In cancer cells, MDR-related drug transporters, such as ABC transporters, are active in the efflux of drugs, conferring MDR to cancer cells ( Banerjee et al, 2023 ; Bo et al, 2023 ; Fan et al, 2023 ).…”

Section: Biological Mechanism Of Drug Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Combating antimicrobial resistance: the silent war

Bo,

Sun,

et al. 2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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Once hailed as miraculous solutions, antibiotics no longer hold that status. The excessive use of antibiotics across human healthcare, agriculture, and animal husbandry has given rise to a broad array of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens, posing formidable treatment challenges. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has evolved into a pressing global health crisis, linked to elevated mortality rates in the modern medical era. Additionally, the absence of effective antibiotics introduces substantial risks to medical and surgical procedures. The dwindling interest of pharmaceutical industries in developing new antibiotics against MDR pathogens has aggravated the scarcity issue, resulting in an exceedingly limited pipeline of new antibiotics. Given these circumstances, the imperative to devise novel strategies to combat perilous MDR pathogens has become paramount. Contemporary research has unveiled several promising avenues for addressing this challenge. The article provides a comprehensive overview of these innovative therapeutic approaches, highlighting their mechanisms of action, benefits, and drawbacks.

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Section: Biological Mechanism Of Drug Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Combating antimicrobial resistance: the silent war

Bo,

Sun,

et al. 2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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“… 1 Chemotherapy is pivotal in treating most pediatric cancers and contributes to improved clinical outcomes. 2 Children with hemato-oncological malignancies frequently undergo the insertion of tunneled central vascular access devices (CVADs) using tunneled external lines (TELs) such as Hickman central venous catheters (CVCs) to allow delivery of chemotherapy. In addition, Hickman CVCs are frequently used to infuse antibiotics or other medications and nutritional supplements into the pediatric population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Frequency, Severity, and Risk Factors of Hickman CatheterRelated Complications in Pediatric Cancer Patients: A Single-Center Experience from Bosnia and Herzegovina

Zvizdic,

Zaimovic,

Milisic

et al. 2024

Turkish Archives of Pediatrics

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Objective: This study aimed to identify the frequency, severity, and risk factors associated with Hickman catheter-related complications in children with hemato-oncological malignancies at the largest pediatric tertiary care unit in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a cohort of pediatric cancer patients who underwent Hickman central venous catheters (CVCs) between January 2019 and December 2022. Mechanical, infectious, and thrombotic Hickman catheter-related complications were evaluated and analyzed. We also investigated possible risk factors associated with these complications. Results: Seventy-one Hickman CVCs were inserted in 68 children (44 boys and 24 girls) at a mean age of 6.9 ± 4.6. Forty (58.8%) children had hematological malignancies and 28 (41.2%) solid cancers. The median follow-up after Hickman CVC insertion was 190 days (95% CI [160-212]) for 12 644 catheter days. During follow-up, 10 (14.1%) mechanical, 7 (9.9%) infectious, and 1 (1.4%) thrombotic complications were recorded (0.8, 0.48, and 0.08 for mechanical, infectious, and thrombotic complications per 1000 catheter days, respectively). A slightly higher incidence of complications was recorded in children with hematological malignancies (1.59 per 1000 catheter days) compared with children with solid cancers (1.22 complications per 1000 catheter days). Conclusion: Using Hickman CVCs for long-term venous access in infusional chemotherapy for pediatric cancer patients is safe but is associated with significant morbidity.

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“…Other main adverse drug effects (ADR) of vincristine include alopecia, myelosuppression, and gastrointestinal toxicity [ 3 ]. Vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathy is the side effect experienced by almost all children who receive vincristine [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Those patients develop neuropathic pain such as tactile allodynia and hyperalgesia [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Netazepide, an Antagonist of Cholecystokinin Type 2 Receptor, Prevents Vincristine-Induced Sensory Neuropathy in Mice

Bernard,

Mroué,

Bourthoumieu

et al. 2024

Pharmaceuticals

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Among the vinca-alkaloid class, vincristine is a potent chemotherapeutic agent with significant neurotoxic effects and is employed to address a wide spectrum of cancer types. Recently, the therapeutic potential of the cholecystokinin type 2 receptor (CCK2R) as a target for vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathy (VIPN) was demonstrated. In this study, the impact of preventive CCK2R blockade using netazepide (Trio Medicines Ltd., London, UK) was investigated in a mouse model of vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathy. Netazepide is a highly selective CCK2R antagonist under development for the treatment of patients with gastric neuroendocrine tumors caused by hypergastrinemia secondary to chronic autoimmune atrophic gastritis. Vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathy was induced by intraperitoneal injections of vincristine at 100 µg/kg/d for 7 days (D0 to D7). Netazepide (2 mg/kg/d or 5 mg/kg/d, per os) was administered one day before vincristine treatment until D7. Vincristine induced a high tactile allodynia from D1 to D7. VIPN was characterized by dorsal root ganglion neuron (DRG) and intraepidermal nerve fiber (IENF) loss, and enlargement and loss of myelinated axons in the sciatic nerve. Netazepide completely prevented the painful symptoms and nerve injuries induced by vincristine. In conclusion, the fact that netazepide protected against vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathy in a mouse model strongly supports the assessment of its therapeutic potential in patients receiving such chemotherapy.

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The Battlefield of Chemotherapy in Pediatric Cancers

Cited by 5 publications

References 156 publications

Combating antimicrobial resistance: the silent war

Combating antimicrobial resistance: the silent war

The Frequency, Severity, and Risk Factors of Hickman CatheterRelated Complications in Pediatric Cancer Patients: A Single-Center Experience from Bosnia and Herzegovina

Netazepide, an Antagonist of Cholecystokinin Type 2 Receptor, Prevents Vincristine-Induced Sensory Neuropathy in Mice

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