The basic principle of pathogenetic therapy of purulent-inflammatory pathology of ENT organs

Abstract

The nature of the clinical manifestations of purulent-inflammatory diseases of the ENT organs is determined, first of all, by the localization of the process, and in addition, by the severity of the reactions of general and local inflammation. In this regard, the authors of the article propose to consider the main factors of pathogenesis that determine the sequence and relationship of the stages of the inflammatory response: edema, redness, fever, pain and dysfunction. A special role in the implementation of the regulatory mechanisms of inflammation belongs to active molecules, the so-called inflammatory mediators. The authors of the article consider the main cellular and plasma mediators, concluding that most of the effects they carry out are accompanied by a violation of the integrity of the vascular wall, exudation, edema and tissue swelling. A similar reaction is, in general, nonspecific and is observed in a number of inflammatory diseases of the ENT organs, such as acute rhinitis, allergic rhinitis, acute sinusitis, eustachitis, acute otitis media. This circumstance allows the authors to conclude that a local therapeutic effect is necessary on this particular link of pathogenesis. To this end, the authors of the article propose the use of nasal decongestants, drugs with an alpha-adrenomimetic effect, which effectively relieve swelling of the nasal mucosa and facilitate nasal breathing. In clinical practice, preparations based on xylometazoline have proven themselves well.