The Baseline Ratio of Neutrophils to Lymphocytes is Associated with Patient Prognosis in Rectal Carcinoma

Liu, Huanran; Liu, Ge; Bao, Quan; Sun, Wei; Bao, Hanying; Bi, Liang; Wang, Wen; Liu, Yanfeng; Wang, Zhenglin; Yin, Xiaohui; Bai, Yun-Qing; Hu, Xiang

doi:10.1007/s12029-009-9125-4

Cited by 48 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…From then on, a large number of clinical studies have been performed to understand the neutrophil-cancer relationship. Clinical data have often related elevated circulating neutrophil counts or elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios (NLRs) as a predictive parameter for poor outcome and formation of distant metastasis in patients with epithelial malignancies [367], including lung [368,170], gastric [159,163,369], renal cell carcinoma [370], ovarian [141], hepatic [143,148,371], pancreatic [138], colon cancer [145,372], and colorectal carcinoma [152] (Table 3). However, Caruso et al [200] observed that when analyzing the amount of tumor-infiltrated neutrophils in advanced gastric carcinoma, in female but not male, patients with higher TANs had a favorable prognosis.…”

Section: Prognostic Values Of Neutrophils and Other Myeloid Subtypes mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Multifaceted Roles Neutrophils Play in the Tumor Microenvironment

Sionov

Fridlender

Granot

2014

Cancer Microenvironment

323

255

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Neutrophils are myeloid cells that constitute 50-70 % of all white blood cells in the human circulation. Traditionally, neutrophils are viewed as the first line of defense against infections and as a major component of the inflammatory process. In addition, accumulating evidence suggest that neutrophils may also play a key role in multiple aspects of cancer biology. The possible involvement of neutrophils in cancer prevention and promotion was already suggested more than half a century ago, however, despite being the major component of the immune system, their contribution has often been overshadowed by other immune components such as lymphocytes and macrophages. Neutrophils seem to have conflicting functions in cancer and can be classified into anti-tumor (N1) and pro-tumor (N2) sub-populations. The aim of this review is to discuss the varying nature of neutrophil function in the cancer microenvironment with a specific emphasis on the mechanisms that regulate neutrophil mobilization, recruitment and activation.

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Section: Prognostic Values Of Neutrophils and Other Myeloid Subtypes mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Multifaceted Roles Neutrophils Play in the Tumor Microenvironment

Sionov

Fridlender

Granot

2014

Cancer Microenvironment

323

255

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“…Cancer is an inflammatory condition and the available treatments are associated with an acute inflammatory state, be it through tissue trauma, infectious complications, or tumor-mediated inflammation (3). A portion of this literature has focused on the clinical observation that elevated neutrophil counts or elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios are predictive of poor outcomes and distant metastasis in patients with a wide array of epithelial malignancies including lung (4), gastric (5), ovarian (6), hepatic (6), pancreatic (7), and colon carcinomas (8). Neutrophils become activated in response to inflammatory stimuli and have widespread effects on organs that commonly harbor metastases such as the lung and the liver (9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutrophils Promote Liver Metastasis via Mac-1–Mediated Interactions with Circulating Tumor Cells

et al. 2012

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Although circulating neutrophils are associated with distant metastasis and poor outcome in a number of epithelial malignancies, it remains unclear whether neutrophils play an active causal role in the metastatic cascade. Using in vivo models of metastasis, we found that neutrophils promote cancer cell adhesion within liver sinusoids and, thereby, influence metastasis. Neutrophil depletion before cancer cell inoculation resulted in a decreased number of gross metastases in an intrasplenic model of liver metastasis. This effect was reversed when inflamed neutrophils were co-inoculated with cancer cells. In addition, early adhesion within liver sinusoids was inhibited in the absence of neutrophils and partially restored with a short perfusion of isolated activated neutrophils. Intravital microscopy showed that cancer cells adhered directly on top of arrested neutrophils, indicating that neutrophils may act as a bridge to facilitate interactions between cancer cells and the liver parenchyma. The adhesion of lipopolysaccharide-activated neutrophils to cancer cells was mediated by neutrophil Mac-1/ICAM-1. Our findings, therefore, show a novel role for neutrophils in the early adhesive steps of liver metastasis. Cancer Res; 72(16);

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“…Numerous patients suffering from these advanced cancers eventually succumb to the disease (2)(3)(4). Various molecular biomarkers have been used to identify the baseline parameters predicting patient prognosis in various studies, but technical factors and excessive costs preclude their clinical use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio is an independent prognostic indicator in patients with bone metastasis

et al. 2011

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Abstract. Patients with the most common advanced human cancers such as lung, breast, uterus, and cancers of the digestive system almost always develop bone metastases, with painful and untreatable consequences. This study aimed to determine the prognostic implications of the neutrophil/lymphocyte (N/L) ratio in the peripheral blood of patients with malignant bone metastasis. Study participants were identified from a prospective cohort of cancer patients with bone metastasis. Data for the N/L ratios were obtained from clinical and pathological records and were analyzed together with other known prognostic factors in the multivariate and univariate analyses. The results showed the average N/L ratio of all 497 patients to be 4.25±2.44 (range 0.54-45.50 years). Multivariate analysis revealed that tumor type and a high N/L ratio were significantly associated with poor prognosis. For the high N/L ratio group, the estimated hazard ratio of death was 1.348 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.062-1.712] compared with the low N/L ratio group. The average N/L ratio of the 225 patients in the surgery group was 2.79±2.46 (range 0.77-22.75 years). Multivariate analysis revealed that a preoperatively high N/L ratio (P=0.013; HR=2.945; 95% CI, 1.256-6.906) was significantly associated with poor prognosis after bone metastasis in the surgery group. In conclusion, the N/L ratio was confirmed to be an independent prognostic factor in patients with bone metastasis. Thus, the N/L ratio may serve as a clinically accessible and useful biomarker for patient survival.

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The Baseline Ratio of Neutrophils to Lymphocytes is Associated with Patient Prognosis in Rectal Carcinoma

Abstract: These results suggest that the N/L ratio is an independent prognostic factor in rectal cancer, and the N/L ratio may serve as a clinically accessible and useful biomarker for patient survival.

Cited by 48 publications

References 25 publications

The Multifaceted Roles Neutrophils Play in the Tumor Microenvironment

The Multifaceted Roles Neutrophils Play in the Tumor Microenvironment

Neutrophils Promote Liver Metastasis via Mac-1–Mediated Interactions with Circulating Tumor Cells

The neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio is an independent prognostic indicator in patients with bone metastasis

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