The Basal Subarachnoid Cisterns: Surgical and Anatomical Considerations

Altafulla, Juan J; Bordes, Stephen J; Jenkins, Skyler; Litvack, Zachary; Iwanaga, Joe; Loukas, Marios; Tubbs, R. Shane

doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2019.05.087

Cited by 17 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Cisterns can be anatomically classified based on their location as either supratentorial, at the level of the tentorium, or infratentorial and whether they are paired or unpaired cisterns [ 1 , 2 , 13 , 15 , 16 ]. Table 1 shows the classification of subarachnoid cisterns.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Olfactory cisterns (Figures 3A - 3C ) are triangular-shaped paired cisterns that can be seen in the coronal and axial sections (arrows in Figures 3A - 3C ), and are situated in the superficial portion of the olfactory sulcus. The olfactory cisterns are bordered laterally by the orbital gyrus and medially by the gyrus rectus [ 2 , 13 , 17 ]. The anterior portion of the cistern is located along the olfactory bulb, and the posterior portion of the cistern is located towards the clinoid process with medial and lateral extensions [ 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the subarachnoid space varies in depth and the more expansive spaces form the subarachnoid cisterns [ 1 ]. Yasargil provided the first in-depth description of the cisterns in the 1970s, highlighting their limits, relations, and contents [ 2 , 3 ]. Cisternal anatomy of the brain is an interesting and challenging topic of high clinical significance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Delineation of Subarachnoid Cisterns Using CT Cisternography, CT Brain Positive and Negative Contrast, and a Three Dimensional MRI Sequence: A Pictorial Review

Rai¹,

Srivastava²,

Kamath³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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The basic anatomy and morphology of subarachnoid cisterns of the brain are interesting and challenging topics with high clinical significance. These enlarged CSF-filled expansions are important as they transmit various neurovascular structures. The cisterns can be classified based on their location as supratentorial, at the level of the tentorium, and infratentorial. They are also classified as paired and unpaired cisterns. The anatomical and radiological information about the cisterns is clinically and surgically relevant in diagnosing and managing many neurological disorders. It is also essential in medical teaching. This pictorial essay reviews the radiological images where the subarachnoid cisterns are delineated in four unique circumstances.

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Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Delineation of Subarachnoid Cisterns Using CT Cisternography, CT Brain Positive and Negative Contrast, and a Three Dimensional MRI Sequence: A Pictorial Review

Rai¹,

Srivastava²,

Kamath³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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“…: 0000-0003-1444-7076 closure of the neural tube on approximately the 10 th day of the embryologic stage in humans; an adult mammalian subarachnoid cistern with CSF is fully formed after birth on around day 21 of infancy (2).…”

Section: Tayfun Hakanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cisterns as vital structures: byzantine cisterns and subarachnoid cisterns

Hakan

2020

Turkish Neurosurgery

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Water is essential for life. It is needed not only to survive but also to sustain daily life activities. The maintenance of daily life activities related to hygiene as well as prevention of epidemic diseases and accidents involving fire was as important in the past as today. Powerful empires built many open-air and covered cisterns for water reservation and constructed aqueducts to bring water from hinterland to these cisterns. The first prototypes of cisterns were constructed in the Neolithic age. Byzantine cisterns such as the Basilica Cistern and Aqueduct of Valens are excellent examples that are remnants from the past to present. Similar to these social measures for water preservation, biological structures exhibit their own measures. In the human body, subarachnoid cisterns of central nervous system are the best-known cisterns, despite the presence of the cisterna chyli and Golgi body. The central nervous system produces and stores water in the form of cerebrospinal fluid in the subarachnoid cisterns for mechanical and immunological protection of the anatomical structures and for autoregulation of cerebral blood flow every day. Any condition that may adversely affect the cisterns, public or subarachnoid, may cause serious and irreversible damage to life. Hence, we should appreciate the importance of water for life; moreover, "if there is water there is life" is not a great prophecy.

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“…CSF outflow was shown to drain within sheaths of cranial nerves to reach extracranial lymphatics and collecting lymph nodes (LNs) in the neck (McComb, 1983;Bradbury and Cserr, 1985;Koh et al, 2005). In addition, elegant imaging approaches using near-infrared or dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (Ma et al, 2017(Ma et al, , 2019) also showed CSF bulk outflow into extracranial lymphatic pathways that proceeds through the basal cisterns, which are the expansions of the subarachnoid space prolonging around cranial nerves and intracranial vessels (Altafulla et al, 2019). However, an additional contribution of dural lymphatics to CSF drainage was revealed by tracer injections into the CSF, which were taken up by MLVs (Antila et al, 2017;Louveau et al, 2018;Hsu et al, 2019;Ahn et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D-imaging reveals conserved cerebrospinal fluid drainage via meningeal lymphatic vasculature in mice and humans

Jacob

Neto

Lenck

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Meningeal lymphatic vessels (MLVs) contribute to waste product elimination and immune surveillance in brain tissues. MLVs were identified in the dorsal and caudo-basal regions of the dura mater, where they ensure the clearance of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Whether MLVs exist in the complex anterior part of the murine and human skull, and how they connect with the glymphatic system and extracranial lymphatic vasculature remained unclear. Here, we generated three-dimensional (3D) maps of MLV drainage by light-sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM) imaging of mouse whole-head preparations following fluorescent OVA-A555 tracer injections into the CSF. In humans, we performed real-time magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging (MR-VWI) after systemic gadobutrol injections. We observed a conserved 3D-anatomy of MLVs in mice and humans, and we discovered an extended anterior network around the dural cavernous sinus including multiple capillary beds and exit routes through the foramina of emissary veins. MR-VWI may provide a diagnostic tool for patients with CSF drainage defects and neurological diseases.

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The Basal Subarachnoid Cisterns: Surgical and Anatomical Considerations

Cited by 17 publications

References 47 publications

Delineation of Subarachnoid Cisterns Using CT Cisternography, CT Brain Positive and Negative Contrast, and a Three Dimensional MRI Sequence: A Pictorial Review

Delineation of Subarachnoid Cisterns Using CT Cisternography, CT Brain Positive and Negative Contrast, and a Three Dimensional MRI Sequence: A Pictorial Review

Cisterns as vital structures: byzantine cisterns and subarachnoid cisterns

3D-imaging reveals conserved cerebrospinal fluid drainage via meningeal lymphatic vasculature in mice and humans

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