The basal ganglia

Braunlich, Kurt; Seger, Carol A.

doi:10.1002/wcs.1217

Cited by 20 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 130 publications

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“…The striatum is a central region of the reward circuit (Alexander, DeLong, & Strick, 1986; Braunlich & Seger, 2013; Di Martino et al, 2008; Felger et al, 2015), which receives excitatory afferents from cortical areas modulating ventral striatal activity during encoding of reward prediction and the mediation of motivational state (Choi, Yeo, & Buckner, 2012; Di Martino et al, 2008). Previous studies have identified the dorsal and ventral divisions of the striatum (Alexander, Crutcher, & DeLong, 1990; Choi et al, 2012; Draganski et al, 2008; Leh, Ptito, Chakravarty, & Strafella, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acupuncture treatment modulates the corticostriatal reward circuitry in major depressive disorder

Wang

Liu

et al. 2017

Journal of Psychiatric Research

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Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common disorder with a high prevalence and significant social and economic impacts. Nevertheless, the treatment of MDD is far from satisfactory. Acupuncture treatment has emerged as a promising method for treating MDD. However, the neural mechanism by which acupuncture reduces depressive symptoms is not fully understood. Studies have shown that the corticostriatal reward circuitry is associated with the pathophysiology of MDD; thus, we investigated the corticostriatal resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) before and after real and sham acupuncture treatments combined with the antidepressant fluoxetine. Forty-six female major depressive patients were assigned to either verum acupuncture plus fluoxetine (n = 22) or sham acupuncture plus fluoxetine (n = 24) treatment for 8 weeks, and resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were collected before the first and after the last treatment sessions. The results showed that compared with sham acupuncture, the verum acupuncture group showed: (1) significantly increased rsFC between inferior ventral striatum and medial prefrontal cortex, ventral rostral putamen and amygdala / parahippocampus, as well as dorsal caudate and middle temporal gyrus; (2) significantly decreased rsFC between right ventral rostral putamen and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and right dorsal caudate and bilateral cerebellar tonsil. The increased rsFC between the inferior ventral striatum and medial prefrontal cortex, ventral rostral putamen and amygdala / parahippocampus were significantly positively associated with decreased clinical scores (Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale and Self-Rating Depression Scale scores) at the end of the eight-week treatment. Our findings suggest that acupuncture may achieve treatment effects by modulating the corticostriatal reward / motivation circuitry in MDD patients.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acupuncture treatment modulates the corticostriatal reward circuitry in major depressive disorder

Wang

Liu

et al. 2017

Journal of Psychiatric Research

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“…With its broad converging cortical input, its gating function on the thalamus, and its modulation by the dopaminergic reward system, the basal ganglia are implicated in reinforcement learning: learning to take actions that maximize reward ( Braunlich and Seger, 2013 ). Two types of reinforcement learning can be distinguished: model-based or goal-directed and model-free or habitual learning.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Greater widespread functional connectivity of the caudate in older adults who practice kripalu yoga and vipassana meditation than in controls

Gard

Taquet

Dixit³

et al. 2015

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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There has been a growing interest in understanding how contemplative practices affect brain functional organization. However, most studies have restricted their exploration to predefined networks. Furthermore, scientific comparisons of different contemplative traditions are largely lacking. Here we explored differences in whole brain resting state functional connectivity between experienced yoga practitioners, experienced meditators, and matched controls. Analyses were repeated in an independent sample of experienced meditators and matched controls. Analyses utilizing Network-Based Statistics (Zalesky et al., 2010) revealed difference components for yoga practitioners > controls and meditators > controls in which the right caudate was a central node. Follow up analyses revealed that yoga practitioners and meditators had significantly greater degree centrality in the caudate than controls. This greater degree centrality was not driven by single connections but by greater connectivity between the caudate and numerous brain regions. Findings of greater caudate connectivity in meditators than in controls was replicated in an independent dataset. These findings suggest that yoga and meditation practitioners have stronger functional connectivity within basal ganglia cortico-thalamic feedback loops than non-practitioners. Although we could not provide evidence for its mechanistic role, this greater connectivity might be related to the often reported effects of meditation and yoga on behavioral flexibility, mental health, and well-being.

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“…On the other hand, these cortical networks are further modulated by subcortical input (van Schouwenburg et al, 2010a(van Schouwenburg et al, , 2010b, whose involvement in posterior oscillations remains still unclear. Previous literature has indeed linked subcortical activity to cognitive control (Cummings, 1993;Jahfari et al, 2011;Braunlich and Seger, 2013), but a direct link between these structures and alpha band oscillations has not been established.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemispheric Asymmetry of Globus Pallidus Relates to Alpha Modulation in Reward-Related Attentional Tasks

et al. 2019

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While subcortical structures like the basal ganglia have been widely explored in relation to motor control, recent evidence suggests that their mechanisms extend to the domain of attentional switching. We here investigated the subcortical involvement in reward related topdown control of visual alpha-band oscillations (8-13 Hz), which have been consistently linked to mechanisms supporting the allocation of visuo-spatial attention. Given that items associated with contextual saliency (e.g. monetary reward or loss) attract attention, it is not surprising that the acquired salience of visual items further modulates. The executive networks controlling such reward-dependent modulations of oscillatory brain activity have yet to be fully elucidated. Although such networks have been explored in terms of corticocortical interactions, subcortical regions are likely to be involved. To uncover this, we combined MRI and MEG data from 17 male and 11 female participants, investigating whether derived measures of subcortical structural asymmetries predict interhemispheric modulation of alpha power during a spatial attention task. We show that volumetric hemispheric lateralization of globus pallidus (GP) and thalamus (Th) explains individual hemispheric biases in the ability to modulate posterior alpha power. Importantly, for the GP, this effect became stronger when the value-saliency parings in the task increased. Our findings suggest that the GP and Th in humans are part of a subcortical executive control network, differentially involved in modulating posterior alpha activity in the presence of saliency. Further investigation aimed at uncovering the interaction between subcortical and neocortical attentional networks would provide useful insight in future studies. not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. Significance statement While the involvement of subcortical regions into higher level cognitive processing, such as attention and reward attribution, has been already indicated in previous studies, little is known about its relationship with the functional oscillatory underpinnings of said processes. In particular, interhemispheric modulation of alpha band (8-13Hz) oscillations, as recorded with magnetoencephalography (MEG), has been previously shown to vary as a function of salience (i.e. monetary reward/loss) in a spatial attention task. We here provide novel insights into the link between subcortical and cortical control of visual attention. Using the same reward-related spatial attention paradigm, we show that the volumetric lateralization of subcortical structures (specifically Globus Pallidus and Thalamus) explains individual biases in the modulation of visual alpha activity.

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The basal ganglia

Cited by 20 publications

References 130 publications

Acupuncture treatment modulates the corticostriatal reward circuitry in major depressive disorder

Acupuncture treatment modulates the corticostriatal reward circuitry in major depressive disorder

Greater widespread functional connectivity of the caudate in older adults who practice kripalu yoga and vipassana meditation than in controls

Hemispheric Asymmetry of Globus Pallidus Relates to Alpha Modulation in Reward-Related Attentional Tasks

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