The Bain, ADE, and Enclosed Magill breathing systems A comparative study during controlled ventilation

Criswell, J.; McKenzie, S A; Day, Susan; Disley, J.; Bruce, W. E.; Soni, Neil

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2044.1990.tb14273.x

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This suggests that, although there are well-documented advantages of the EAR during spontaneous ventilation [13,14], there may be little difference in clinical efficiency between the above systems during controlled ventilation. This agrees with the work of Criswell and colleagues, who found only a small difference in PE' COI values in patients during ventilation with an EAR system and the Bain (0.35 kPa), and concluded that they were of similar clinical efficiency [15].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…From figure 3, the mean VF required to maintain this value of PE' CO , was 66 ml kg" 1 min" 1 , while a VF of 70 ml kg" 1 min" 1 produced mild hypocapnia. Allowing for differences in methodology, these results are in agreement with those of Keeri-Szanto [1], Miller and Miller [4] and Chriswell and colleagues [15], but not with those of Bruce and Soni [16] whose prototype EAR required a mean VF of 100 ml kg" 1 min" 1 to maintain a mean PE'CO, of 5.0 kPa. The latter suggest that the inefficiency of their system was caused by the expiratory valve opening prematurely, allowing fresh gas to displace deadspace gas stored in the inspiratory tube.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

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Efficiency of an Enclosed Afferent Reservoir Breathing System During Controlled Ventilation

Droppert

Meakin

Beatty

et al. 1991

British Journal of Anaesthesia

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We describe an enclosed afferent reservoir (EAR) breathing system developed by Ohmeda and designed to operate efficiently in spontaneous and controlled ventilation. The efficiency of the system was evaluated by calculating the fractional utilization of fresh gas in 10 ASA I-III patients during anaesthesia with controlled ventilation. Maximum efficiency occurred when the minute ventilation to fresh gas flow ratio was greater than 1.5. Under these conditions, fractional utilization was relatively constant with a value of 0.73 (95% confidence interval 0.69-0.78). The minimum fresh gas flow for use during controlled ventilation was determined in another eight ASA I-III patients when the minute volume to fresh gas ratio was greater than 1.5. In view of an increased arterial to end-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure difference in patients in the first part of the study (1.03 kPa), normocapnia was defined as an end-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure of 4.3 kPa. Normocapnia was achieved with a mean fresh gas flow of 66 ml kg(-1) min(-1), while 70 ml kg(-1) min(-1) produced mild hypocapnia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Efficiency of an Enclosed Afferent Reservoir Breathing System During Controlled Ventilation

Droppert

Meakin

Beatty

et al. 1991

British Journal of Anaesthesia

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“…1). A defective valve in the EAR system tested by Bruce and Soni [9] may have resulted in their finding somewhat smaller (although significant) differences in end-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressures between patients during ventilation of the lungs with the EAR and the Bain system [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Fresh Gas Requirements of an Enclosed Afferent Reservoir Breathing System During Controlled Ventilation in Children

Meakin

Jennings

Beatty

et al. 1992

British Journal of Anaesthesia

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An enclosed afferent reservoir breathing system (EAR) designed by Ohmeda was evaluated during anaesthesia with controlled ventilation in 104 healthy children. Carbon dioxide production and arterial carbon dioxide tension were measured in 12 children in order to determine the proportion of fresh gas (VF) involved in gas exchange. When the ratio of minute volume ventilation to fresh gas flow (VE:VF) exceeded 1.5, fractional utilization of fresh gas with the EAR was 0.92. This value and values of carbon dioxide production obtained from 43 children were used to derive a simple formula relating fresh gas flow requirements to body weight. The formula, VF = 0.6 x weight 0.5, was assessed in 49 children weighing 10-70 kg. The mean end-tidal partial pressure of carbon dioxide in these patients was 4.5 kPa (range 3.8-5.2 kPa). We conclude that the EAR has an efficiency of 92% in the use of fresh gas during controlled ventilation in healthy children, provided the VE:VF ratio is greater than 1.5. Under these conditions, normocapnia to mild hypocapnia was produced accurately using the formula VF = 0.6 x weight 0.5.

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“…(Humphrey 1983; This system combines the Mapleson A (in its Lack format), D and E systems and several studies in adult paients have confirmed its effectiveness as an anaesthetic breathing system in spontaneously breathing anaesthetized patients (Dixon, Chakrabati & Morgan 1984;Shulman & Brodsky 1984;Artru & Katz 1987), and during controlled ventilation (Shulman & Brodsky 1984;Artru & Katz 1987;Criswell et al 1990). However, in one study (Shah, Loughlin & Bedford 1989) the Bain system was found to be more efficient.…”

Section: Semi-closed Rebreathing System (Maples 0 N )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Paediatric anaesthetic breathing systems

Lin

Brock‐Utne

1996

Pediatric Anesthesia

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The Bain, ADE, and Enclosed Magill breathing systems A comparative study during controlled ventilation

Cited by 8 publications

References 12 publications

Efficiency of an Enclosed Afferent Reservoir Breathing System During Controlled Ventilation

Efficiency of an Enclosed Afferent Reservoir Breathing System During Controlled Ventilation

Fresh Gas Requirements of an Enclosed Afferent Reservoir Breathing System During Controlled Ventilation in Children

Paediatric anaesthetic breathing systems

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