The Bagni di Lucca thermal waters (Tuscany, Italy): an example of Ca-SO4 waters with high Na/Cl and low Ca/SO4 ratios

Boschetti, Tiziano; Venturelli, G.; Toscani, Lorenzo; Barbieri, Maurizio; Mucchino, Claudio

doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2004.10.015

Cited by 67 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…4, updated from Toscani et al (2007), the samples in study are compared with data from the literature. Waters of meteoric origin interacting with Mesozoic carbonates and evaporites of the Tuscany and Emilia slope of Northern Apennine changed the early Ca-bicarbonate composition into Ca-SO 4 or Na-Cl types by dissolution of gypsum/ anhydrite or halite, respectively (data from Bencini et al 1977;Boschetti et al 2005;Cortecci et al 2008 and our unpublished). Some of these waters plot close the mixing lines connecting bicarbonate waters and halite saturated marine waters.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Salt Waters of the Northern Apennine Foredeep Basin (Italy): Origin and Evolution

et al. 2010

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The salt waters from the Emilia-Romagna sector of the Northern Apennine Foredeep have been investigated using major and trace element and stable isotope (d 2 H, d 18 O, d 37 Cl, d 81 Br and 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratio). Ca, Mg, Na, K, Sr, Li, B, I, Br and SO 4 vs. Cl diagrams suggest the subaerial evaporation of seawater beyond gypsum and before halite precipitation as primary process to explain the brine's salinity, whereas saline to brackish waters were formed by mixing of evaporated seawater and water of meteoric origin. A diagenetic end-member may be a third component for mud volcanoes and some brackish waters. Salinization by dissolution of (Triassic) evaporites has been detected only in samples from the Tuscan side of the Apennines and/or interacting with the Tuscan Nappe. In comparison with the seawater evaporation path, Ca-Sr enrichment and Na-K-Mg depletion of the foredeep waters reveal the presence of secondary processes such as dolomitization-chloritization, zeolitization-albitization and illitization. Sulfate concentration, formerly buffered by gypsum-anhydrite deposition, is heavily lowered by bacterial and locally by thermochemical reduction during burial diagenesis. From an isotopic point of view, data of the water molecule confirm mixing between seawater and meteoric endmembers. Local 18 O-shift up to ?11% at Salsomaggiore is related to water-rock interaction at high temperature (&150°C) as confirmed by chemical (Mg, Li, Ca distribution) and isotopic (SO 4 -H 2 O) geothermometers. 37 Cl/ 35 Cl and 81 Br/ 79 Br ratios corroborate the Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (marine origin of the brines and evidence the diffusion of halogens from the deepest and most saline aquifers toward the surface. The 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratio suggests a Miocene origin of Sr and rule out the hypothesis of a Triassic provenance of the dissolved components for the analyzed waters issuing from the Emilia-Romagna sector of the foredeep. Waters issuing from the Tuscan side of the Apennines and from the Marche sector of the foredeep show higher 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratios because of the interaction with siliciclastic rocks.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Salt Waters of the Northern Apennine Foredeep Basin (Italy): Origin and Evolution

et al. 2010

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“…The Ca-SO 4 composition of Lake Accesa water closely resembles those shown by thermal springs of Central Italy, which are fed by hydrothermal reservoirs recharged by meteoric water interacting with carbonateevaporite embedding formations (Bencini et al, 1977;Minissale and Duchi, 1988;Celati et al, 1990, Capaccioni et al, 2001Boschetti et al, 2005), including the Aronna spring (Tab. 1) and other mineral water discharges, e.g.…”

Section: Processes Controlling the Lake Water Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 62%

Hydrogeochemical processes controlling water and dissolved gas chemistry at the Accesa sinkhole (southern Tuscany, central Italy)

et al. 2014

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“…gypsum and/or calcite) occurred, this process being favored at high temperatures and in response to variations of CO 2 partial pressure (Marini and Chiodini, 1994;Minissale et al, 1997b). Similar considerations can be done for the Rb + concentrations ( (Boschetti et al, 2005), and can probably be attributed to dissolution of phyllosilicates minerals (illite and montmorillonite), a process that is favored by temperature. Cesium is considered the most mobile among the alkali metals when their respective concentrations in igneous and sedimentary rocks are considered.…”

Section: Origin Of Watersmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…6b) of the HS and IS waters, typical of evaporite deposits and significantly higher than that of seawater or residual brines (6650) (McCaffrey et al, 1987;Fontes and Matray, 1993;Davis et al, 2001;Kloppmann et al, 2001;Gieskes and Mahn, 2007). Interaction of deep circulating waters (HS and IS) with anhydrite and carbonates (calcite and dolomite), all fundamental components of the Triassic evaporite formation (Coradossi and Martini, 1965), explains the relatively high SO 4 2À and HCO 3 À concentrations (Table 1) (Table 3), which are similar to the Triassic gypsum and anhydrite (16.0 ± 0.5‰) analyzed by Boschetti et al (2005) from northern Tuscany and Triassic sulfates (15.6 ± 1.0‰) from different Italian sites (e.g. Cortecci et al, 1981Cortecci et al, , 2000Dinelli et al, 1999;Boschetti et al, 2005).…”

Section: Origin Of Watersmentioning

confidence: 97%

A combined geochemical and isotopic study of the fluids discharged from the Montecatini thermal system (NW Tuscany, Italy)

Capecchiacci

Tassi

Vaselli

et al. 2015

Applied Geochemistry

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a b s t r a c tThe thermo-mineral fluids discharges of Montecatini Terme (Northern Apennines, Tuscany, Italy) have been exploited since the Roman times and despite the fact that this thermal complex is one of the biggest in Europe, the most recent geochemical investigations were published almost 40 years ago. To fill this gap, in this paper a detailed geochemical and isotopic investigation on the main thermal springs and wells from the Montecatini thermal system (MTS) is presented.The chemical and isotopic features of the Montecatini waters suggested that they are mainly controlled by water-rock interaction processes between meteoric water, permeating at depth from the surrounding reliefs (up to 800 m a.s.l.), and the Triassic evaporites (Burano Formation) belonging to the Tuscan sedimentary series. The local stratigraphic and tectonic framework favors an efficient recharge of the hydrothermal reservoir by the meteoric precipitation from a large catchment area and this aspect plays a fundamental role for the longevity of the Montecatini thermal spas, notwithstanding the huge amount of thermal water exploited. The C-TDIC values were lower than those expected for a mantle/thermometamorphic CO 2 source. This can be explained by: (i) isotopic fractionation occurring during calcite precipitation and/or (ii) mixing with biogenically derived gases, occurring at relatively shallow depth.

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The Bagni di Lucca thermal waters (Tuscany, Italy): an example of Ca-SO4 waters with high Na/Cl and low Ca/SO4 ratios

Cited by 67 publications

References 28 publications

Salt Waters of the Northern Apennine Foredeep Basin (Italy): Origin and Evolution

Salt Waters of the Northern Apennine Foredeep Basin (Italy): Origin and Evolution

Hydrogeochemical processes controlling water and dissolved gas chemistry at the Accesa sinkhole (southern Tuscany, central Italy)

A combined geochemical and isotopic study of the fluids discharged from the Montecatini thermal system (NW Tuscany, Italy)

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