The bacterial surface IV. Effect of streptomycin on the electrophoretic mobility of escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus

McQuillen, Kenneth

doi:10.1016/0006-3002(51)90005-4

Cited by 34 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The decrease in the zeta-potential of the antibiotic-treated bacte ria reflected the decrease in the negative charge of the bacterial surface. This finding is in agreement with a report by McQuillen [12], who found that S. aureus grown in the pres ence of penicillin G showed a progressive de crease in negative electrical charge. Since the antibiotic-treated cells were washed before the measurement of the zeta-potential, no an tibiotics could be adsorbed onto the bacterial surface.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Changes of Surface Hydrophobicity and Charge of <i>Staphylococcus aureus </i>Treated with Sub-MIC of Antibiotics and Their Effects on the Chemiluminescence Response of Phagocytic Cells

Nomura

Kuroiwa²,

Nagayama³

1995

Chemotherapy

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The effects of the sub-MIC of antibiotics on the surface hydrophobicity and charge of Staphylococcus aureus were examined by the contact angle method and by microscopic electrophoresis, and the production of oxygen-derived radicals by mouse peritoneal macrophages was measured by a luminol-chemiluminescence assay. The treatment of the bacterial cells with antibiotics induced an increase in hydrophobicity and a decrease in the negative charge of the bacterial surface. The chemiluminescence of the macrophages stimulated by S. aureus treated with antibiotics was significantly higher than that obtained with the untreated bacterial cells. These findings suggest that the antibiotics caused an increase in the hydrophobicity and a decrease in the negative charge of the surface of S. aureus, resulting in the enhancement of nonopsonic phagocytosis of S. aureus by macrophages.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Changes of Surface Hydrophobicity and Charge of <i>Staphylococcus aureus </i>Treated with Sub-MIC of Antibiotics and Their Effects on the Chemiluminescence Response of Phagocytic Cells

Nomura

Kuroiwa²,

Nagayama³

1995

Chemotherapy

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“…Humphrey & Lightbown (1952) found that the absorption of streptomycin by staphylococci follows the Freundlich type ( X = 20.4 CooZ4) over the range of concentration examined, though saturation is expected to be achieved at higher concentrations (see Clarke, 1933). The electrophoretic mobility of staphylococci with absorbed streptomycin (studied by McQuillen, 1951), showed agreement with the Langmuir isotherm. A certain minimum external concentration is necessary to saturate sufficient active sites in order to inhibit division and in the case of staphylococci and streptomycin is reached before saturation.…”

Section: K E Cooper a H Linton And S N Sehgalmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…The use of Humphrey & Lightbown's (1952) adsorption formula is justified for concentrations from 0 to 100 units, because although McQuillen (1951) by electrophoresis experiments showed that streptomycin adsorption on the surface of staphylococci fitted a Langmuir adsorption isotherm, saturation was not reached until over 1000 units were absorbed, and the part of the curve from 5 to 70 yo saturation was fitted accurately by the Freundlich straight line (see Clarke, 1933).…”

Section: K E Cooper a H Linton And S N Sehgalmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Inoculum Size on Inhibition Zones in Agar Media Using Staphylococci and Streptomycin

Cooper

Linton

Sehgal

1958

Journal of General Microbiology

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The conditions under which this theoretical formula is expected to be true are necessarily those under which the initial assumptions are most nearly approached. The most important are : an antibiotic which diffuses freely through a non-interfering medium from a reservoir of constant concentration, and an inoculation of a determined number of metabolizing organisms which, after a constant lag period, multiply at a constant rate. Constancy of temperature and of media composition are also important. Many workers have examined the validity of the formula of Cooper & Woodman (1946) which connects the zone size with the diffusion laws and critical time; these include Vesterdal

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“…of a cell suspension were agitated with 4 g. of glass ballotini beads, no. 12, with a Mickle shaker (Mickle, 1948;Mitchell & Moyle, 1951b). The concentration of cells was up to 25 mg. dry wt./ml.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association of the Penicillin-binding Component of Staphylococcus aureus with a Lipid Fraction

Cooper

1954

Journal of General Microbiology

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SUMMARY : Radiopenicillin is strongly bound by ultra-microscopic lipid-containing particles liberated on mechanical rupture of Staphylococcus aureus cells. The binding resembles that of intact cells in that it is irreversible and only occurs to a limited extent, but differs in that 7-12 times as much penicillin is bound per unit dry weight of material. The supernatant after centrifuging down the lipid particles decreases the titre of added penicillin as indicated by diffusion assay, possibly by a small irreversible inactivation superimposed upon a 'reversible ' type of binding.There is a correlation between the distribution of ( a ) the penicillin-binding component (P.B.c.), ( b ) 35S from radiopenicillin pretreated cells, and ( c ) lipid phosphorus, in the three fractions produced on rupture either in distilled water or in a formaldehyde solution. Rupture in formalin appears to allow the cells walls to retain most of the lipid particles and PAC., but only a little extra of the dry weight of the cells. Thus penicillin reacts with a lipid-containing fraction close to the cell wall in intact organisms. At least as much more P.B.C. is liberated on rupture of the cells as was available to the penicillin in the intact cell, but P.B.C. is somewhat unstable after rupture. These data are discussed in the light of evidence in the literature that penicillin may react initially with the osmotic barrier of bacteria.It was noted several years ago in this laboratory that staphylococcal cell walls prepared by mechanical rupture of cells in distilled water (Cooper, Rowley & Dawson, 1949) were quite white, and that most of the yellow pigment present in the supernatant fraction was sedimented by high-speed centrifugation as a thin orange waxy layer coating the surface of the cell-wall layer. The lipid character of this fraction was suspected from its yellow colour, as nearly all the pigments of staphylococci when extracted by 90% phenol in water were soluble in chloroform. These pigments have been reported to be carotenoid in character (Sobin & Stahly, 1942). Mitchell & Moyle (1951b) confirmed the high proportion of phospholipid in the coloured fraction which sediments more slowly than the cell walls when a mechanically ruptured cell suspension is centrifuged.It has been reported elsewhere (Rowley, Cooper, Roberts & Lester Smith, 1950) that penicillin-sensitive cells contain a penicillin-binding component (P.B.c.) which appears to be related to the mode of action of penicillin. Cell walls prepared in a formalin mixture were able to bind penicillin (Few, Cooper & Rowley, 1952), whereas cell walls prepared in distilled water were not (Cooper et aE. 1949). It was noticed that cell walls which could bind penicillin were yellow and those which could not were quite white and that this colour difference always followed the penicillin-binding capacity. It was, therefore, considered possible that P.B.C. was associated with a lipid fraction of the cells, and the results presented below show that this is the case.

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The bacterial surface IV. Effect of streptomycin on the electrophoretic mobility of escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus

Cited by 34 publications

References 11 publications

Changes of Surface Hydrophobicity and Charge of <i>Staphylococcus aureus </i>Treated with Sub-MIC of Antibiotics and Their Effects on the Chemiluminescence Response of Phagocytic Cells

Changes of Surface Hydrophobicity and Charge of <i>Staphylococcus aureus </i>Treated with Sub-MIC of Antibiotics and Their Effects on the Chemiluminescence Response of Phagocytic Cells

The Effect of Inoculum Size on Inhibition Zones in Agar Media Using Staphylococci and Streptomycin

The Association of the Penicillin-binding Component of Staphylococcus aureus with a Lipid Fraction

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