The Azospirillum brasilense Sp7 noeJ and noeL genes are involved in extracellular polysaccharide biosynthesis

Lerner, A.; Castro‐Sowinski, Susana; Valverde, Ángel; Lerner, Hadas; Dror, Rachel; Okon, Yaacov; Burdman, Saul

doi:10.1099/mic.0.031807-0

Cited by 42 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…The data obtained in the present study provide a physiological rationale for the increased stress resistance of flocculated cells and highlight a role for clumping as a transitional and preparatory behavior for resistance to metabolic stress. Both clumping and flocculation are characterized by changes in the adhesive properties of cell surfaces, including changes in the nature of the EPS produced (7,10,35,36). The results obtained here are consistent with these previous findings.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Our data indicate that clumping cells ready their physiology for subsequent nitrogen limitation by preparing for nitrogen fixation. In contrast to clumping, flocculation is a process triggered by metabolic stress, and it involves significant morphological changes, including a loss of motility, increased accumulation of PHB granules, and increased EPS production, representing a reorganization of the cell's physiology more profound than that caused by clumping (8,9,13,20,(34)(35)(36). Numerous studies have linked flocculation with resistance to various stresses, since mutations that abolish or reduce flocculation also impair stress endurance (20,(37)(38)(39)(40).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metabolic Adaptations of Azospirillum brasilense to Oxygen Stress by Cell-to-Cell Clumping and Flocculation

Bible

Khalsa-Moyers

Mukherjee

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Adaptations of Azospirillum brasilense to Oxygen Stress by Cell-to-Cell Clumping and Flocculation

Bible

Khalsa-Moyers

Mukherjee

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…The AZO-core contains genes whose involvement in biosynthesis of exopolysaccharide (EPS) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was demonstrated, such as noeL , noeJ and rmlD [7,28]; however, the presence of several unique genes suggests that EPS and LPS components might differ from one Azospirillum strain to another, a feature previously reported for LPS [7]. Only A. brasilense strains possess additional clusters of ancestral genes involved in EPS biosynthesis and/or transport (such as AZOBR_p310279, AZOBR_p330029, AZOBR_p60088, AZCBG_p60114, AZCBG_230032).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome Sequence of Azospirillum brasilense CBG497 and Comparative Analyses of Azospirillum Core and Accessory Genomes provide Insight into Niche Adaptation

Wisniewski‐Dyé

Lozano

Acosta-Cruz

et al. 2012

Genes

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Bacteria of the genus Azospirillum colonize roots of important cereals and grasses, and promote plant growth by several mechanisms, notably phytohormone synthesis. The genomes of several Azospirillum strains belonging to different species, isolated from various host plants and locations, were recently sequenced and published. In this study, an additional genome of an A. brasilense strain, isolated from maize grown on an alkaline soil in the northeast of Mexico, strain CBG497, was obtained. Comparative genomic analyses were performed on this new genome and three other genomes (A. brasilense Sp245, A. lipoferum 4B and Azospirillum sp. B510). The Azospirillum core genome was established and consists of 2,328 proteins, representing between 30% to 38% of the total encoded proteins within a genome. It is mainly chromosomally-encoded and contains 74% of genes of ancestral origin shared with some aquatic relatives. The non-ancestral part of the core genome is enriched in genes involved in signal transduction, in transport and in metabolism of carbohydrates and amino-acids, and in surface properties features linked to adaptation in fluctuating environments, such as soil and rhizosphere. Many genes involved in colonization of plant roots, plant-growth promotion (such as those involved in phytohormone biosynthesis), and properties involved in rhizosphere adaptation (such as catabolism of phenolic compounds, uptake of iron) are restricted to a particular strain and/or species, strongly suggesting niche-specific adaptation.

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“…Interestingly, it has been demonstrated that in vitro secretion of GAPDH by E coli varies according to the composition of nutrients in the growth medium [44]. Mannose-6-phosphate isomerase [45] and glutamate dehydrogenase [46] (GDH; COG0334) each have been shown to contribute to microbial survival in the face of oxidative stress. Mannose-6-phosphate isomerase, periplasmic ABC transporters, and phosphomannomutase are involved with processing of extracapsular polysaccharides such as LPS [45], [47].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbial Gene Expression in Mother-Fed and Formula-Fed Piglets

et al. 2010

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BackgroundEffects of diet on the structure and function of gut microbial communities in newborn infants are poorly understood. High-resolution molecular studies are needed to definitively ascertain whether gut microbial communities are distinct in milk-fed and formula-fed infants.Methodology/Principal FindingsPyrosequencing-based whole transcriptome shotgun sequencing (RNA-seq) was used to evaluate community wide gut microbial gene expression in 21 day old neonatal piglets fed either with sow's milk (mother fed, MF; n = 4) or with artificial formula (formula fed, FF; n = 4). Microbial DNA and RNA were harvested from cecal contents for each animal. cDNA libraries and 16S rDNA amplicons were sequenced on the Roche 454 GS-FLX Titanium system. Communities were similar at the level of phylum but were dissimilar at the level of genus; Prevotella was the dominant genus within MF samples and Bacteroides was most abundant within FF samples. Screened cDNA sequences were assigned functional annotations by the MG-RAST annotation pipeline and based upon best-BLASTX-hits to the NCBI COG database. Patterns of gene expression were very similar in MF and FF animals. All samples were enriched with transcripts encoding enzymes for carbohydrate and protein metabolism, as well as proteins involved in stress response, binding to host epithelium, and lipopolysaccharide metabolism. Carbohydrate utilization transcripts were generally similar in both groups. The abundance of enzymes involved in several pathways related to amino acid metabolism (e.g., arginine metabolism) and oxidative stress response differed in MF and FF animals.Conclusions/SignificanceAbundant transcripts identified in this study likely contribute to a core microbial metatranscriptome in the distal intestine. Although microbial community gene expression was generally similar in the cecal contents of MF and FF neonatal piglets, several differentially abundant gene clusters were identified. Further investigations of gut microbial gene expression will contribute to a better understanding of normal and abnormal enteric microbiology in animals and humans.

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The Azospirillum brasilense Sp7 noeJ and noeL genes are involved in extracellular polysaccharide biosynthesis

Cited by 42 publications

References 83 publications

Metabolic Adaptations of Azospirillum brasilense to Oxygen Stress by Cell-to-Cell Clumping and Flocculation

Metabolic Adaptations of Azospirillum brasilense to Oxygen Stress by Cell-to-Cell Clumping and Flocculation

Genome Sequence of Azospirillum brasilense CBG497 and Comparative Analyses of Azospirillum Core and Accessory Genomes provide Insight into Niche Adaptation

Gut Microbial Gene Expression in Mother-Fed and Formula-Fed Piglets

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