The Awakening Concentration of Sevoflurane in Children

Abstract

The awakening concentration of sevoflurane in unpremedicated children was 0.78%. Oral clonidine premedication at a dose of 2 microg/kg reduced the awakening concentration to 0.36%. However, an additional decrease in this value was not observed after the administration of the larger dose of clonidine premedication (4 microg/kg).

The effect of epidural bupivacaine on maintenance requirements of sevoflurane evaluated by bispectral index in children

“…analgesia would also decrease the need for supplementary sevoflurane. In fact, in the Combined group patients, the median alveolar sevoflurane concentration that we employed was very close to the standard concentration necessary to prevent the patient's awakening to verbal commands [19].…”

Effect of oral midazolam premedication on the awakening concentration of sevoflurane, recovery times and bispectral index in children

“…However, several points require clari®cation. First, the awakening concentration of sevo¯urane is quite different than the reported MAC-awake of sevo¯urane in children (21). It was measured in combination with residual N 2 O, and our washout technique does not conform to either the fast or slow alveolar washout techniques commonly employed in the determination of MAC-awake values for volatile agents (22).…”

Effects of different doses of remifentanil on the end‐tidal concentration of sevoflurane required for tracheal intubation in children

“…The use of higher doses of remifentanil actually increased the need for a neuromuscular blocking agent. Additionally, to prevent the possibility of spontaneous awakening during induction, sevoflurane could not be greatly reduced to < 0.78% [16]. Therefore, the optimal dose of remifentanil combined with sevoflurane required for tracheal intubation in children has yet to be determined and requires further study.…”