The average stopping power method for accurate charged particle activation analysis

Ishii, K.; Valladon, M.; Debrun, J.L.

doi:10.1016/0029-554x(78)90369-5

Cited by 94 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Using Eqs. (5) and (8) and the equivalent equations expressing stopping powers, and with a knowledge of the lithium concentrations in the different mixtures and pure spiking compounds, the relative ranges and stopping powers of the analyte standards and reference standards were determined by ascribing range and stopping power values of unity to the spiking materials. The relative range and stopping power values for polyethylene for each gamma ray measured are shown in Tables 2 and 3.…”

Section: Analytical Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ascribing Relative Deceleration Properties to the Non-analyte Spike for the Determination of Fluorine by PIPPS

Olivier

Morland

1993

Radiochimica Acta

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By using particle induced prompt photon spectrometry, PIPPS, and spiking both the analyte sample and analyte standard with a common non-analyte element to which a relative deceleration property for 5 MeV protons was ascribed, relative stopping powers/ranges for these target materials could be obtained. This approach circumvents the need to apply to compounds the Bragg-Kleeman rule (which does not take the changes in electronic structure through chemical bonding into consideration). Lithium carbonate, to which an arbitrary relative stopping power/range of unity was ascribed for 5 MeV protons, was chosen as the non-analyte spike to determine fluorine in polymer samples by using pure fluorine compounds as the comparator standards. The method was tested by analysing the standard reference materials SRM 91, 120c and 694.

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Section: Analytical Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, by assigning a unit stopping power value to the selected non-analyte spike and following the guidelines laid down by the average stopping power approach [8,9], an expression for C x in terms of stopping powers [2] can be deduced, giving,…”

Section: Theoretical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ascribing Relative Deceleration Properties to the Non-analyte Spike for the Determination of Fluorine by PIPPS

Olivier

Morland

1993

Radiochimica Acta

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“…(2) this parameter appears in the numerator and in the denominator. Also it is shown (15) that large errors on a(E) only introduce very small errors on the final result.…”

Section: Accuracy Of Cpamentioning

confidence: 97%

“…, (15) has been developed. This method is basically very accurate and deserves to be briefly described, because it has been only recently developed, According to the mean value theorem, there is a value of the energy, Em, for which : (1) It is demonstrated (15) that the "mean energy" Em is given with a very good approximation by :…”

Section: Accuracy Of Cpamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Charged Particle Activation for Materials Analysis

Debrun¹

1979

IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.

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In this discussion, we first try to define the cases where analysis by irradiation with charged particles requires the use of relatively high energy beams, e.g from a cyclotron or from a Tandem Van de Graaff.It seems that the most important method using high energy charged particles, is activation analysis.We describe the important features of this method, we compare them with those of other methods, and we try to show the important role it plays in two important fields : -The analysis of traces -The elaboration of reference materials, IntroductionIt is well recognized that charged particles

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“…An improved method using a thick target and average stopping power for charged particle activa tion analysis has been reported (Ishii et al, 1978). This method was applied to the same brain samples by using 3He particles and compared with the method of using a thin target ( Fig.…”

Section: Endogenous and Exogenous Oxygen Imagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activation Autoradiography: Imaging and Quantitative Determination of Endogenous and Exogenous Oxygen in the Rat Brain

Kawashima

Iwata

Kogure³

et al. 1987

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

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Summary: Endogenous and exogenous oxygen in the rat brain were quantitatively determined using an autoradio graphic technique. The oxygen images of frozen and dried rat brain sections were obtained as IsF images by using the 16 0 eHe,p)ISF reaction for endogenous 16 0 images and the ISO(p,n)ISF reaction for endogenous and exogenous ISO images. These autoradiograms demon strated the different distribution of oxygen between gray and white matter. These images also allowed differentia tion of the individual structures of hippocampal forma-In the field of brain research, quantitative mea surement of oxygen and water contents in the brain has been sought owing to its usefulness in diag nostic application to many brain diseases. Brain edema can be studied by measuring endogenous water content, while exogenous water content is used for study of CBF and aqueous permeability of the blood-brain barrier. Exogenous oxygen mole cules are used to study the CMR02• Recent advances in positron emission tomog raphy have offered a powerful tool for quantitative measurement of exogenous oxygen content in clin ical studies. CBF and CMR02 in the human brain can be easily obtained as positron emission tomog raphic images with 150-labeled O2, CO2, and H20. These radioactive compounds, however, cannot be simply applied to autoradiography, which is widely used for obtaining images of radioactive tracers in small animals, mainly because of the short half-life 272tion, owing to the differing water content of the various structures. Local oxygen contents were quantitatively determined from autoradiograms of brain sections and standard sections with known oxygen contents. The esti mated values were 75.6 ± 4.6 wt% in gray matter and 72.2 ± 4.0 wt% in white matter. The systematic error in the present method was estimated to be 4.9%. Key Words: Activation analysis-Autoradiography-Oxygen image-Stable isotopes.of 150 (2 min). Although the use of tritiated water is thought to be an alternative method for obtaining exogenous water image in the brain by autoradiog raphy, it is very difficult to keep a frozen section in contact with an x-ray film for a long time, without losing any water, until the film accumulates enough 13 -radiation. These are the reasons why it has long been considered that autoradiographic images of water and oxygen could not be obtained. Ohta et al. (1982) demonstrated auto radiographic images of exogenous oxygen for the first time. The images were taken with IsF produced from ISO by the ISO(p,n)ISF reaction on ISO-labeled glycine, O2, and N20 in a dried section of rat whole body. How ever, no other studies have been reported since then.We have developed the above method of autora diographic activation analysis of oxygen for quanti tative measurement of oxygen content. In this ar ticle, we describe a method of obtaining images of oxygen in the rat brain by using the 160(3He,p)ISF reaction and the ISO(p,n)ISF reaction on naturally existing 160 and ISO. The method used to evaluate endogenous oxygen contents from the auto radio-

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The average stopping power method for accurate charged particle activation analysis

Cited by 94 publications

References 7 publications

Ascribing Relative Deceleration Properties to the Non-analyte Spike for the Determination of Fluorine by PIPPS

Ascribing Relative Deceleration Properties to the Non-analyte Spike for the Determination of Fluorine by PIPPS

The Role of Charged Particle Activation for Materials Analysis

Activation Autoradiography: Imaging and Quantitative Determination of Endogenous and Exogenous Oxygen in the Rat Brain

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