The autoignition of practical fuels at HCCI conditions: High-pressure shock tube experiments and phenomenological modeling

Vandersickel, A.; Hartmann, Michaela F.; Vogel, Klemens; Wright, Yuri M.; Fikri, Mustapha; Starke, R.; Schulz, Christof; Boulouchos, Konstantinos

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2011.10.062

Cited by 65 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The low and medium temperature reactions occur sequentially, giving rise to a two-stage ignition path. The high temperature reactions lead to a parallel single-stage ignition path [15]. As a result, the overall ignition delay for the full temperature range can be modeled by a simplified system expressed as:…”

Section: -Arrhenius Model Proposed By Weissermentioning

confidence: 99%

A quasi-dimensional model for SI engines fueled with gasoline–alcohol blends: Knock modeling

Sileghem

Wallner

Verhelst

2015

Fuel

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As knock is one of the main factors limiting the efficiency of spark-ignition engines, the introduction of alcohol blends could help to mitigate knock concerns due to the elevated knock resistance of these blends. A model that can accurately predict their autoignition behavior would be of great value to engine designers. The current work aims to develop such a model for alcohol-gasoline blends. First, a mixing rule for the autoignition delay time of alcohol-gasoline blends is proposed. Subsequently, this mixing rule is used together with an autoignition delay time correlation of gasoline and an autoignition delay time correlation of methanol in a knock integral model that is implemented in a two-zone engine code. The predictive performance of the resulting model is validated through comparison against experimental measurements on a CFR engine for a range of gasoline-methanol blends.The knock limited spark advance, the knock intensity, the knock onset crank angle and the value of the knock integral at the experimental knock onset have been simulated and compared to the experimental values derived from in-cylinder pressure measurements.

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Section: -Arrhenius Model Proposed By Weissermentioning

confidence: 99%

A quasi-dimensional model for SI engines fueled with gasoline–alcohol blends: Knock modeling

Sileghem

Wallner

Verhelst

2015

Fuel

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“…intersection of the line of extrapolation of the maximum slope of the photodiode trace with the baseline (x-axis) 5,6 , as shown in Figure 3. The temperature T 5i , which corresponds to the pressure P 5i , can be calculated using eq.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, the methods of storing hydrogen in or on solid phase do not fulfil the Department of Energy (DOE), USA targets for GD and VD 3,4 . The well-known diamond-like carbon (DLC) film is referred to as amorphous hydrogenated carbon (a-C: H) film having sp 2 C=C and sp 3 C-H carbons and some films containing up to 50 at% hydrogen 5,6 . The unique properties of a-C: H films make them suitable for various industrial applications [5][6][7] , viz.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The well-known diamond-like carbon (DLC) film is referred to as amorphous hydrogenated carbon (a-C: H) film having sp 2 C=C and sp 3 C-H carbons and some films containing up to 50 at% hydrogen 5,6 . The unique properties of a-C: H films make them suitable for various industrial applications [5][6][7] , viz. antireflective, scratch-resistant wear-protective coating, cold cathode material in electron devices, biomedical devices, etc.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…antireflective, scratch-resistant wear-protective coating, cold cathode material in electron devices, biomedical devices, etc. The amorphous DLC (a-C: H) film was not reported [5][6][7] for application as hydrogen-storage material 8 in hydrogen-fuel technologies 1 . Since the discoveries of (i) experimental synthesis of graphene 9 (two-dimensional one-atom-thick layer of carbon in hexagonal crystalline structure), and (ii) theoretical prediction of graphane…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ignition Delay Study of Aluminium Oxide Liquid Nano-Fuel in a Shock Tube

Tripathi¹,

Garg²,

Agrawal³

et al. 2017

Current Science

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The ignition delay of aluminium oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) liquid nano-fuel was compared with that of base-fuel to study the feasibility of its use for high-speed aerospace applications. The base-fuel was aviation turbine fuel that was mixed with Al 2 O 3 nanoparticles to produce a nano-fuel which could be used for regenerative cooling of the combustor walls before injection. The experiments were carried out in a shock tube. The fuel was introduced into the shock tube in the form of a wall droplet. The ignition delay time of the nano-fuel was observed to increase slightly, by about 11% (maximum) in comparison with the baseline, at an equivalence ratio of unity.Keywords: Aluminium oxide, ignition delay, liquid nano-fuel, shock tube.IGNITION delay sets the residence time of a fuel in the combustion chamber of a high-speed engine, and is a useful parameter in determining the capability of ignition and flame sustainability in a flow where a packet of airfuel mixture resides for a few milliseconds 1 . Estimation of ignition delay of a fuel produced for high-speed operations is essential to avoid fluctuations in energy release and specific impulse of the engine.Aviation turbine fuel (ATF) is a preferred hydrocarbon fuel owing to its high energy density and stable thermodynamic properties. We produced a fuel by mixing ATF with alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) nanoparticles for the dual purpose of regenerative cooling of combustor walls and preheating the fuel before injection. Heat transfer studies have indicated an increase between 20% and 30% in the heat transfer coefficient with 0.3% volume fraction loading of Al 2 O 3 nanoparticles 2 . The nano-fuel has a probable application in high-speed engines, such as pulse detonation engines. The objective of the present study was to confirm that the ignition delay of the admixture was within the acceptable limits.The experiments were carried out in a shock tube of variable inner diameter (i.d.). The inner diameter and length of the driver and driven sections of the tube were 51 mm, 37 mm and 2.5 m, 3 m respectively. Figure 1 shows a schematic of the experimental set-up. The test gas was air, which was maintained at an appropriate pressure for the test in the driven section of the tube. The driver and driven sections were separated by an aluminium diaphragm (1.2 mm thickness) that was exploded by pressurization of the driver section by purified nitrogen gas. The explosion launched an incident shock wave into the driven section that propagated through the test gas and reflected from the driven-end, enhancing the shocking effect. The propagation of the planar shock waves finally left behind a reservoir of high temperature and pressure in the driven section, which could simulate a combustor for the study of ignition characteristics of fuels. The liquid fuel to be tested was preloaded into the end of the driven section as a wall droplet, which was atomized on collision with the propagating shock waves. The propagating shock waves accomplished the function of a fuel injector in the present case 3 . The...

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Ignition delay and chemical–kinetic modeling of undiluted mixtures in a high‐pressure shock tube: Nonideal effects and comparative uncertainty analysis

Zander

Vinkeloe

Djordjevic

2021

Int J of Chemical Kinetics

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High-pressure shock tube ignition delay data are essential for fuel characterization and for the validation and optimization of chemical-kinetic models. Therefore, it is crucial that realistic measurement conditions are considered in modeling. Furthermore, an accurate uncertainty quantification for experimental data is the basis for evaluation of the predictive reliability of chemical-kinetic models. Several measurement aspects are investigated to improve the interpretation of measurement results: (1) A new approach for integrating the nonideal pressure rise into chemical-kinetic modeling based on a correlation to measurement data is introduced, which enables the determination at each condition and fuel-air mixture individually with minimal effort. (2) A semiempirical model for available test times of reactive mixtures is introduced, which is based on measurement data of nonreactive mixtures. It allows for a priori prediction of test times and provides experimental limits to support the measurement. (3) A literature review shows that different uncertainty sources are considered in ignition delay time uncertainty analysis. A comparative analysis is conducted to investigate the significance of different uncertainty sources for test temperature and ignition delay time. The analysis of ignition delay time uncertainty indicates that for fuels with negative temperature coefficient behavior a comprehensive uncertainty analysis has to be conducted to accurately estimate measurement uncertainty in the intermediate temperature range. Additionally, ignition delay times of dimethyl ether-air mixtures are measured at pressures of 8, 12, and 35 bar and at equivalence ratios of 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0. Furthermore, the data on first-stage ignition delay are rather scarce and have therefore been recorded additionally. The new approach of integrating the nonideal pressure rise into modeling and the comprehensive uncertainty analysis supports the interpretation of measurement data, such that the prediction capabilities of chemical-kinetic models can be evaluated thoroughly. List of abbreviations: DME, dimethyl ether; IDT, ignition delay time; ISW, incident shock wave; NTC, negative temperature coefficient; RSS, root sum of squares This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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The autoignition of practical fuels at HCCI conditions: High-pressure shock tube experiments and phenomenological modeling

Cited by 65 publications

References 28 publications

A quasi-dimensional model for SI engines fueled with gasoline–alcohol blends: Knock modeling

A quasi-dimensional model for SI engines fueled with gasoline–alcohol blends: Knock modeling

Ignition Delay Study of Aluminium Oxide Liquid Nano-Fuel in a Shock Tube

Ignition delay and chemical–kinetic modeling of undiluted mixtures in a high‐pressure shock tube: Nonideal effects and comparative uncertainty analysis

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