Temporal changes in the abundance of Peridinium gatunense Nygaard in the water column of warm monomictic Lake Kinneret were followed during [1990][1991][1992][1993][1994]. Sedimentation rates of this dinoflagellate were followed concurrently by means of sediment traps with and without a preservative (Formalin), positioned at the base of the epilimnion and within the hypolimnion, for exposure periods of 2-3 weeks. Upper trap catches of total P. gatunense (live cells + dead cells + thecae + protoplasts + cysts) were nearly always higher than lower trap catches, partly due to decomposition of the cells as they sank through the water column. Over the S-year period, total P. gatunense sedimentation rates ranged over 4 orders of magnitude, from values 3,000 : 19 : 1 (vs. 276 : 51 : 1 for protoplasts) indicated that microbial decomposition of thecae is likely to require N and P inputs from other sources. Ultimately, our study highlights for the first time that annual dinoflagellate sedimentation rates may vary dramatically as a result of other processes such as decomposition, resuspension, and grazing, leading to dramatic variations in the amount of organic matter reaching the bottom sediments.