The Atmospheric Bridge: The Influence of ENSO Teleconnections on Air–Sea Interaction over the Global Oceans

Alexander, Michael A.; Bladé, Ileana; Newman, Matthew; Lanzante, John R.; Lau, Ngar‐Cheung; Scott, James D.

doi:10.1175/1520-0442(2002)015<2205:tabtio>2.0.co;2

Cited by 1,620 publications

(1,278 citation statements)

References 144 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

1,150

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…A weaker East Asian winter monsoon between MIS 22-16 is consistent with weaker Aleutian low-pressure and Siberian high-pressure systems [Heslop et al, 2002], but occurs after the decline in %C 37:4 and thus cannot be considered as a forcing mechanism. Modern teleconnections also suggest that the precipitation-bearing westerlies might be reduced under a strengthening of Walker circulation [Alexander et al, 2002], the latter observed across the MPT [McClymont and Rosell-Melé, 2005]. However, the complex extratropical response to ENSO variability within our present climate system limits acceptance of this mechanism.…”

Section: Position Of the Arctic Front During The Mptmentioning

confidence: 88%

Expansion of subarctic water masses in the North Atlantic and Pacific oceans and implications for mid‐Pleistocene ice sheet growth

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

[1] Past surface ocean circulation changes associated with the mid-Pleistocene transition, 0.9-0.6 Ma, were reconstructed in the northern North Atlantic (ODP 983) and the northwest Pacific (ODP 882), using proxies for subarctic/subpolar water mass distributions (%C 37:4 alkenone) and sea surface temperature (U 37 K ). Both sites experienced a secular expansion of subarctic waters from $1.15 Ma, spanning both glacial and interglacial intervals. After 0.9 Ma, low %C 37:4 at Site 983 records a northward retreat of subarctic waters during interglacials in the Atlantic, while continued high glacial %C 37:4 indicate extensive subarctic waters during glacial maxima associated with the development of the larger late Pleistocene ice sheets. In contrast, a secular decline in %C 37:4 occurred at Site 882 from 0.9 to 0.5 Ma, marking a more gradual retreat of subarctic conditions in the Pacific. It is proposed that the expansion of subarctic waters between 1.15 and 0.9 Ma exerted negative feedbacks to the moisture supply to the ice sheet source regions and may account for the apparent delayed ice sheet response to atmosphere-ocean circulation changes associated with the mid-Pleistocene transition that began as early as 1.2 Ma.

show abstract

Section: Position Of the Arctic Front During The Mptmentioning

confidence: 88%

Expansion of subarctic water masses in the North Atlantic and Pacific oceans and implications for mid‐Pleistocene ice sheet growth

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Tropical SST variability during ENSO events modifies north Pacific SST anomalies through atmospheric teleconnections [i.e., the atmospheric bridge (Alexander et al 2002)]. Using global mixed layer models, Alexander et al (2002) found that the atmospheric bridge drives basin-scale SST anomalies primarily through the net surface heat flux, with a weaker contribution from wind-driven Ekman transport.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Sst Predictabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

On the skill of seasonal sea surface temperature forecasts in the California Current System and its connection to ENSO variability

et al. 2017

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

underlie SST predictability. A simple persistence forecast provides considerable skill for lead times up to ~4 months, while skill above persistence is mostly confined to forecasts of late winter/spring and derives primarily from predictable evolution of ENSO-related variability. Specifically, anomalously weak (strong) equatorward winds are skillfully forecast during El Niño (La Niña) events, and drive negative (positive) upwelling anomalies and consequently warm (cold) temperature anomalies. This mechanism prevails during moderate to strong ENSO events, while years of ENSO-neutral conditions are not associated with significant forecast skill in the wind or significant skill above persistence in SST. We find also a strong latitudinal gradient in predictability within the CCS; SST forecast skill is highest off the Washington/Oregon coast and lowest off southern California, consistent with variable wind forcing being the dominant driver of SST predictability. These findings have direct implications for regional downscaling of seasonal forecasts and for short-term management of living marine resources.

show abstract

“…Existing research has shown that, although the SCS has a climatological warm pool structure [78,79], its SST has significant interannual variation [80], and the interannual variability of the basin-wide SST is different in winter and summer [81]. Through the atmospheric and ocean circulations [82,83], the El Niño and Southern Oscillation (ENSO) signal can affect the oceanic variability in the SCS. The change of mixed layer depth (MLD) is also an important factor that impacts the SST [84], and in turn SST can impact the atmospheric circulation.…”

Section: Air-sea Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress of regional oceanography study associated with western boundary current in the South China Sea

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recent progress of physical oceanography in the South China Sea (SCS) associated with the western boundary current (WBC) and eddies is reviewed in this paper. It includes Argo observations of the WBC, eddy detection in the WBC based on satellite images, cross-continental shelf exchange in the WBC, eddy-current interaction, interannual variability of the WBC, air-sea interaction, the SCS throughflow (SCSTF), among others. The WBC in the SCS is strong, and its structure, variability and dynamic processes on seasonal and interannual time scales are yet to be fully understood. In this paper, we summarize progresses on the variability of the WBC, eddy-current interaction, air-sea interaction, and the SCSTF achieved in the past few years. Firstly, using the drifting buoy observations, we point out that the WBC becomes stronger and narrower after it reaches the central Vietnam coast. The possible mechanisms influencing the ocean circulation in the northern SCS are discussed, and the dynamic mechanisms that induce the countercurrent in the region of northern branch of WBC in winter are also studied quantitatively using momentum balance. The geostropic component of the WBC was diagnosed using the ship observation along 18°N, and we found that the WBC changed significantly on interannual time scale. Secondly, using the ship observations, two anti-cyclonic eddies in the winter of 2003/2004 in the northern SCS, and three anti-cyclonic eddies in the summer of 2007 along 18°N were studied. The results show that the two anti-cyclonic eddies can propagate southwestward along the continental shelf at the speed of first Rossby wave (~0.1 m s 1 ) in winter, and the interaction between the three anti-cyclonic eddies in summer and the WBC in the SCS is preliminarily revealed. Eddies on the continental shelf of northern SCS propagated southeastward with a maximum speed of 0.09 m s 1 , and those to the east of Vietnam coast had the largest kinetic energy, both of which imply strong interaction between eddy activity and WBC in the SCS. Thirdly, strong intraseasonal variability (ISV) of sea surface temperature (SST) near the WBC regions was found, and the ISV signal of SST in winter weakens the ISV signal of latent heat flux by 20%. Fourthly, the long-term change of SCSTF volume transport and its connection with the ocean circulation in the Pacific were discussed.South China Sea, western boundary current, eddy, eddy-current interaction, intraseasonal variability, South China Sea thoughflow Citation:Wang D X, Liu Q Y, Xie Q, et al. Progress of regional oceanography study associated with western boundary current in

show abstract

The Atmospheric Bridge: The Influence of ENSO Teleconnections on Air–Sea Interaction over the Global Oceans

Cited by 1,620 publications

References 144 publications

Expansion of subarctic water masses in the North Atlantic and Pacific oceans and implications for mid‐Pleistocene ice sheet growth

Expansion of subarctic water masses in the North Atlantic and Pacific oceans and implications for mid‐Pleistocene ice sheet growth

On the skill of seasonal sea surface temperature forecasts in the California Current System and its connection to ENSO variability

Progress of regional oceanography study associated with western boundary current in the South China Sea

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About