The Atmospheric Branch of the Hydrological Cycle over the Negro and Madeira River Basins in the Amazon Region

Sorí, Rogert; Marengo, José A.; Nieto, Raquel; Drumond, Anita; Gimeno, Luis

doi:10.3390/w10060738

Cited by 28 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…The particles selected over each area of study form part of a global experiment in which a total of around 2 million particles were globally distributed and moved for the period 1980-2015. This global experiment was previously used in many analyses over different areas eg., [44][45][46][47][48] including Antarctica [32,49].…”

Section: Lagrangian Approach For Moisture Transport Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the Lagrangian techniques are based on the estimation of the E − P budget, they have been also used extensively in dozens of papers with great success for the precipitation estimation through the humidity coming from the source to the target regions for global [50,51] or regional studies [45,52,53].…”

Section: Lagrangian Approach For Moisture Transport Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Moisture Sources for Austral Seas and Relationship with Sea Ice Concentration

et al. 2019

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In this study, the moisture sources acting over each sea (Weddell, King Haakon VII, East Antarctic, Amundsen-Bellingshausen, and Ross-Amundsen) of the Southern Ocean during 1980-2015 are identified with the FLEXPART Lagrangian model and by using two approaches: backward and forward analyses. Backward analysis provides the moisture sources (positive values of Evaporation minus Precipitation, E − P > 0), while forward analysis identifies the moisture sinks (E − P < 0). The most important moisture sources for the austral seas come from midlatitude storm tracks, reaching a maximum between austral winter and spring. The maximum in moisture sinks, in general, occurs in austral end-summer/autumn. There is a negative correlation (higher with 2-months lagged) between moisture sink and sea ice concentration (SIC), indicating that an increase in the moisture sink can be associated with the decrease in the SIC. This correlation is investigated by focusing on extremes (high and low) of the moisture sink over the Weddell Sea. Periods of high (low) moisture sinks show changes in the atmospheric circulation with a consequent positive (negative) temperature anomaly contributing to decreasing (increasing) the SIC over the Weddell Sea. This study also suggests possible relationships between the positive (negative) phase of the Southern Annular Mode with the increase (decrease) in the moisture that travels from the midlatitude sources to the Weddell Sea.

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Section: Lagrangian Approach For Moisture Transport Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lagrangian Approach For Moisture Transport Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Moisture Sources for Austral Seas and Relationship with Sea Ice Concentration

et al. 2019

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“…It is well known that the Great Plains low-level jet (hereafter, GPLLJ) plays an important role in the balance of the moisture transport over the central United States (Stensrud, 1996;Schubert et al, 1998). The atmospheric moisture is transported by the GPLLJ from tropical and subtropical latitudes (particularly the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea) into the Great Plains (Helfand and Schubert, 1995;Mo et al, 1997), where the jet is often responsible for nocturnal deep convective activity Pu et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the assessment of the moisture transport by the Great Plains low-level jet

et al. 2019

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Abstract. Low-level jets (LLJs) can be defined as wind corridors of anomalously high wind speed values located within the first kilometre of the troposphere. These structures are one of the major meteorological systems in the meridional transport of moisture on a global scale. In this work, we focus on the southerly Great Plains low-level jet, which plays an important role in the moisture transport balance over the central United States. The Gulf of Mexico is the main moisture source for the Great Plains low-level jet (GPLLJ), which has been identified as a key factor for rainfall modulation over the eastern and central US. The relationship between moisture transport from the Gulf of Mexico to the Great Plains and precipitation has been well documented in previous studies. Nevertheless, a large uncertainty still remains in the quantification of the moisture amount actually carried by the GPLLJ. The main goal of this work is to address this question. For this purpose, a relatively new tool, the regional atmospheric Weather Research and Forecasting Model with 3-D water vapour tracers (WRF-WVT; Insua-Costa and Miguez-Macho, 2018) is used together with the Lagrangian model FLEXPART to estimate the load of precipitable water advected within the GPLLJ. Both models were fed with data from ERA Interim. From a climatology of jet intensity over a 37-year period, which follows a Gaussian distribution, we select five cases for study, representing the mean and 1 and 2 standard deviations above and below it. Results show that the jet is responsible for roughly 70 %–80 % of the moisture transport occurring in the southern Great Plains when a jet event occurs. Furthermore, moisture transport by the GPLLJ extends to the north-east US, accounting for 50 % of the total in areas near the Great Lakes. Vertical distributions show the maximum of moisture advected by the GPLLJ at surface levels and maximum values of moisture flux about 500 m above, in coincidence with the wind speed profile.

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“…The Tropical Atlantic Ocean and the recycled continental moisture are the main sources of water for precipitation (Drumond et al, 2014;Eltahir & Bras, 1994;Enfield, 1996;Marengo, 2006). The former influences the northern ARB portion, whereas the latter depends on the evapotranspiration (Sorí et al, 2018). The northwest of the ARB concentrates the highest precipitation rates of the basin (> 2,500 mm average per year) (Espinoza et al, 2009;Espinoza et al, 2015), influenced by the seasonal displacement of the ITCZ and the meridional sea surface temperature (SST) gradient of tropical Atlantic (Xie & Carton, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of the Amazon River Plume on the Intensification of the Hydrological Cycle

Gouveia

Gherardi

Aragão

2019

Geophysical Research Letters

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The Amazon River low‐salinity plume takes part in important ocean and atmosphere processes that influence climate. In the last three decades, the intensification of the hydrological cycle has increased the interannual variability of total freshwater discharged into the ocean. However, the feedback mechanisms of the Amazon River plume acting on this intensification are not fully understood. Correlation maps and multiple regression analysis applied to 16 years of satellite data and river flow measurements indicate that a positive precipitation trend of 15 mm/year in the western Amazon basin follows the long‐term warming of the tropical Atlantic. This increased the total amount of freshwater discharged into the ocean and reduced the Amazon River plume salinity by 3.5% per year in the main plume water export pathway. Based on these results we propose a process‐oriented model of the feedback process that explains the intensification of the Amazon hydrological cycle.

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The Atmospheric Branch of the Hydrological Cycle over the Negro and Madeira River Basins in the Amazon Region

Abstract: The Amazon region, in South America, contains the largest rainforest and biodiversity in the world, and plays an important role in the regional and global hydrological cycle. In the present study, we identified the main sources of moisture of two subbasins of the Amazon River

Cited by 28 publications

References 100 publications

Characterization of Moisture Sources for Austral Seas and Relationship with Sea Ice Concentration

Characterization of Moisture Sources for Austral Seas and Relationship with Sea Ice Concentration

On the assessment of the moisture transport by the Great Plains low-level jet

The Role of the Amazon River Plume on the Intensification of the Hydrological Cycle

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