1983. Evidence of acidification sf some Nova Scotian rivers and its impact on Atlantic salmon, Salmo snlar. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 40: 462-473.River pH's in Nova Scotia are closely reIated to geology, and seasonal pH variation is well correlated with river discharge rates. In the geologically sensitive areas (granite and metamorphic rocks), river pH's have fallen significantly over the past 27 yr at an apparent average rate of 0.017 pH units/year. Concomitant with this decrease are a decline in HCOi concentrations and increases in AIWC and SOT. On average, 73% of the increase in acid is attributabie to increased SOT. Changes in Na', K9, Ca'+. and Mg" concentrations were not significant. In rivers presently at mean annual pH's c4.7, the Atlantic salmon (S~lrno s a k r ) runs have disappeared and are presumed extinct. Rivers in the pH range 4.7-5.0 show a decline in salmon angling returns of 2.8%/yr, beginning about 1854, and low densities of juvenile salmon. Rivers presently of pH > 5.0 generally have normal juvenile densities and show no significant trend in angling returns. WATT, W. D., $1. B. SCOTT, AND W. J. WHITE. 1983. Evidence of acidification of some Nova Scotian rivers and its impact on Atlantic salmon, Snlrno solar. Can. 5. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 44): 462-473. En Pdouvelle-kcosse, le pH des rivieres est en ktroite relation avec la geologic. et les variations saisonnihes le sorat avec le dkbit des rivikres. Dans les regions gt5ologiques plus sensibaes (granite et r o c k s mktamorphiques). le pH des rivikres a baisse de faqon significative au cours des 27 dernikres annkes et cela 5 un taux moyen de 0.017 unit& pH/annCe. 11 s'est produit en m6me temps un dCclin de concentration de HCOi et un aceroissement de Al"' et SO:. En moyenne, 73 % de I'augmentation de l'acide est attribuable a l'augmentation de SO:. Drarant la mCme @riode, il ne s'est produit aucun ehangement significatif des concentrations de Na', K', Ca'* et Mg". Les populations de saumsns ataantiques (Saltno salar) ont disparu des rivi5res dont le pH annuel moyen est infbrieur B 4,7 et sont pr6sumkes Cteintes.Les rivikres B pH de 4,7-5,0 montrent un dCclin des prises sportives de 2,8 % par annie patir de 1954 et de faibies densites de juvkniles. Les rivieres B pH srm@rieur a 5,0 snt en gCn6ral des densitCs de saumoneaux normales et ne montrent abscune tendance significative des prises sportives.