“…It has considerable support among musicians (Berliner, 1994 ; Monson, 1996 ; Doffman, 2008 ). The empirical evidence concerning the relevance of microtiming for groove, however, has been inconclusive so far: some studies found no evidence that microtiming influences groove (Butterfield, 2010 ; Madison et al, 2011 ; Madison and Sioros, 2014 ), others found that microtiming is detrimental to groove (Davies et al, 2013 ; Frühauf et al, 2013 ; Matsushita and Nomura, 2016 ); yet others found that microtiming patterns arising in competent performance do not affect groove negatively, but if the patterns are exaggerated in magnitude, the groove experience decreases (Kilchenmann and Senn, 2015 ; Senn et al, 2016 ). Finally, Hofmann et al ( 2017 ) suggested that listeners preferred tightened microtiming patterns to the microtiming magnitude of the originally performed music.…”