The Assortment Formation of Chemical Means of Pest Control in the Хх Century

Sukhoruchenko, G. I.; Burkova, L. A.; Ivanova, G. P.; Vasilyeva, T. I.; Dolzhenko, O. V.; Ivanov, S.; Долженко, В. И.

doi:10.31993/2308-6459-2020-103-1-05-24

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Paranosema locustae Cann. is the only microsporidia which was registered for grasshopper biocontrol purposes and produced in the USA since 1980s by a variety of companies and marketed under trade names such as Nolo Bait™, Semaspore™, and Grasshopper Attack™ [4].…”

Section: Microsporidiamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Entomopathogenic microorganisms in locusts and grasshoppers populations and prospects for their use for control of this pest group

2020

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Brief information on the main groups of microorganisms parasitizing on locusts and grasshoppers is given. It has been shown that viral and most bacterial infections have no practical prospects, both as natural regulators of density populations and as potential producers of bioinsecticides. Alpha-proteobacteria, entomophthoralean fungi and microsporidia may make some contributions as natural mechanisms of population dynamics. The most significant group as producers of biopesticides are anamorphic ascomycetes from the genera Metarhizium and Beauveria.

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Section: Microsporidiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At present in the former USSR only chemical insecticides are used for the control of locust populations [4]. However, it is known that large-scale pesticide application has a number of essential shortcomings, the most important are appearance of resistant populations of pests and environmental pollution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entomopathogenic microorganisms in locusts and grasshoppers populations and prospects for their use for control of this pest group

2020

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“…Meanwhile, the target insect pests develop resistance to xenobiotics which makes the most widely applied chemicals ineffective relatively fast and demands for the new substances to be introduced (Mallet, 1989;Sukhoruchenko, Dolzhenko, 2008;Muntyan et al, 2014;Bass et al, 2015;Wang et al, 2018;Benkovskaya, Dubovskiy, 2020;Hafeez et al, 2022). And though modern tendencies of novel pesticide design are declared to aim at increasing specificity toward pests while decreasing toxicity to non-target organisms and persistence in the environment (Inglesfield, 1989;Abubakar et al, 2020;Sukhoruchenko et al, 2020;, the safety of novel classes of synthetic insecticides is extensively debated (Jeschke, 2010;Kampfraath et al, 2017;Sukhoruchenko et al, 2018;Khan, Ahmad, 2019;Kumar, Kumar, 2019;Rezende-Teixeira et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spore yield of the microsporidium Nosema pyrausta (Paillot) Weiser, 1961 is influenced the insect host rearing temperature and diet composition

et al. 2023

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The microsporidium Nosema pyrausta (Paillot) Weiser, 1961 is an important mortality factor of the stem borers of the genus Ostrinia and may be used to control other lepidopteran pests. Rearing conditions (temperature regime and diet composition) of the laboratory host Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée, 1854) (Pyraloidea: Crambidae) were compared in terms of their influence on N. pyrausta spore production, estimated as the mean spore number per host pupa. At lowered temperature (+20 °C), most of the experimental insects died at the larval stage, and in survived pupae, the microsporidium spore yield was below 8 × 10 6 spores/pupa. At the temperature of +24 °C, which is supposed to be the optimal for the insect laboratory culture exploited, N. pyrausta spore yield was about 50 × 10 6 spores/pupa. At increased temperature (+28 °C), the parasite spore yield was not higher than 28 × 10 6 spores/pupa. The mean spore yield values were significantly different between the variants of the three thermal regimes at 99% confidence level. The microsporidium spore production was further compared in insects fed with a standard corn flour-based diet vs modified diet (corn flour mixed with soybean flour at an equal proportion), reared at + 24 °C. Insect feeding with the modified diet caused an increase of the average spore yield by 35% (70 × 10 6 vs 52 × 10 6 spores/pupa obtained using the standard diet). Similarly, the weight of the pupae reared on the modified diet was 33% higher (0.0721 g vs 0.0542 g on the standard diet). Both the spore yield and the pupal weight values were significantly different between the two diet types at 95% confidence level. This provides one logical explanation of the parasite spore production increase as conditioned by the insect host weight increment. These observations indicate that +24 °C is the optimal thermal regime for N. pyrausta spore production which can further be augmented by supplementing diet of infected Ostrinia furnacalis larvae with soybean flour.

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“…Traditionally, the use of entomopathogens, including those for locust control, is carried out similarly to the application of chemical insecticides, i.e. by treating pests in the active phases of development, without taking into account further circulation of the pathogen in the host insect population [14]. For a long-term decline in numbers, it seems relevant to create long-term infectious foci in the biotopes inhabited by harmful insects, primarily in their reservation sites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence rates of microsporidia in locusts and grasshoppers in South-Western Russia

2020

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Locusts and grasshoppers are dangerous polyphagous pests of agricultural crops. In the present paper, results of screening of Acridoidea populations in the South-Western Russia for microsporidia infections including locusts Locusta migratoria, Dociostaurus maroccanus, and Calliptamus italicus and grasshoppers Chorthippus loratus, Oedipoda caerulescens, and Acrida bicolor, are presented. Microsporidia prevalence rates were estimated using light microscopy of fresh smears. Out of 179 specimens of L. migratoria sampled between 2002 and 2019 in Krasnodar Territory, Astrakhan and Rostov Regions, none was infected with microsporidia. Similarly, 95 specimens of D. marrocanus from Krasnodar Territory (2017) and Dagestan Republic (2009) were also negative for microsporidia. Meanwhile, one positive case was detected for C. italicus corresponding to 0.5 % for the total amount of 192 exemplars collected from 2002 to 2019 in Krasnodar Territory, Astrakhan and Rostov Regions. As for grasshoppers, all Ch. loratus samplings in Krasnodar Territory in 2017-2019 were infected at the prevalence rates of 2.2-15 %, though no infection was found in 40 specimens in Crimea in 2019. In 56 individuals of O. caerulescens collected from Rostov Region and Krasnodar Territory, the microsporidia prevalence rate was 1.8 %. Among 96 specimens of A. bicolor, none was infected. In total, the microsporidia prevalence rates were higher in grasshoppers as compared to locusts, the difference being statistically significant at p<0.01.

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The Assortment Formation of Chemical Means of Pest Control in the Хх Century

Cited by 7 publications

References 8 publications

Entomopathogenic microorganisms in locusts and grasshoppers populations and prospects for their use for control of this pest group

Entomopathogenic microorganisms in locusts and grasshoppers populations and prospects for their use for control of this pest group

Spore yield of the microsporidium Nosema pyrausta (Paillot) Weiser, 1961 is influenced the insect host rearing temperature and diet composition

Prevalence rates of microsporidia in locusts and grasshoppers in South-Western Russia

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