The Association of Thyroid Function With Bone Density During Childhood

Veldscholte, Karlien; Barjaktarović, M; Trajanoska, Katerina; Jaddoe, Vincent W. V.; Visser, Theo J.; Rijke, Yolanda B. de; Peeters, Robin P.; Rivadeneira, Fernando; Korevaar, Tim I M

doi:10.1210/jc.2018-00294

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Both studies were conducted based on an adult population in euthyroid and disease-free states. Veldscholte et al demonstrated no significant association between TSH and BMD (g/cm 2 ) and BMC (g) of the total body without the head in a healthy 6-year-old population, and they also suggested that FT4 is a better indicator of bone turnover [ 13 ]. According to our results, based on the thyroid function of unhealthy patients and sex- and age-matched LSBMD z-scores, TSH showed no direct correlation with BMD as well.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Proliferating chondrocytes, bone marrow stromal cells, and osteoblasts are the major sites of TH receptor expression. TH is essential for the coordinated progression of endochondral ossification and cartilage matrix mineralization; however, the underlying mechanism of TH’s interaction with the bone matrix needs to be determined [ 12 , 13 ]. In addition, pediatric reference intervals for TH and TSH differ from the adult range and vary with age during childhood; therefore, the accurate identification of abnormal thyroid function is recommended.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Causality between Thyroid Function and Bone Mineral Density in Childhood: Abnormal Thyrotropin May Be Another Pediatric Predictor of Bone Fragility

Ahn

2023

Metabolites

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Low bone mass can occur in children and adolescents with numerous chronic conditions; however, the influence of abnormal thyroid hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels on low bone mineral density (BMD) in children and adolescents remains controversial. Investigating the effects of excessive or deficient thyroid hormone and TSH levels on the risk of childhood bone fragility may provide a better understanding of the role of thyroid function on bone density in the pediatric population. The triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and TSH levels and BMD of 619 children diagnosed with various underlying conditions and whose treatment was completed were simultaneously assessed. The T3, free thyroxine (FT4), and TSH levels were subcategorized based on the age-matched reference range, and the lumbar spine BMD (LSBMD) data were compared. The mean LSBMD z-score was 0.49 ± 1.28, while T3, FT4, and TSH levels were 1.25 ± 0.29 ng/mL, 1.28 ± 0.19 ng/dL, and 2.76 ± 1.87 µU/mL, respectively. Both lumbar and femoral BMD z-scores were lower in children with abnormal TSH levels. TSH abnormality was the strongest risk factor for decreased LSBMD z-scores, and thus could be an early indicator of low BMD in children and adolescents with various underlying conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Causality between Thyroid Function and Bone Mineral Density in Childhood: Abnormal Thyrotropin May Be Another Pediatric Predictor of Bone Fragility

Ahn

2023

Metabolites

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“…There are many known factors that can interfere with peak bone mineral accretion, which occurs around the age of 12 years in girls and 14 years in boys, including heredity, fractures during childhood, nutrition, exercise, oral contraceptive, and age at menarche [18,26]. During the pubertal period, estradiol has important effects, not only for increasing BMD but also for attenuating bone turnover at the endocortical surface, leading to an increase in cortical thickness [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Remarkably, most studies on the effects of thyroid hormones on bone have focused on adult patients. In children and young individuals, puberty is an important time for bone acquisition toward the attainment of peak bone mass by the end of skeletal development in the third decade of life [17,18]. Optimal peak bone mass acquisition is a determinant of osteoporosis risk and osteoporotic fracture risk [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Suppressive Levothyroxine Therapy on Bone Mineral Density in Young Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma

et al. 2022

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Background: Suppressive levothyroxine therapy (sT4) is a cornerstone in the management of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). Long-term sT4 may affect bone mineral density (BMD). We evaluated the effect of sT4 on the bone mass of young DTC patients. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, BMD was evaluated via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in DTC patients younger than 25 years at diagnosis and undergoing sT4 for ≥1 year. The two control groups comprised patients matched for sex, age, and body-mass-index who were thyroidectomized for indications other than DTC and undergoing L-T4-replacement therapy, and healthy individuals with no prior known thyroid disease. Results: Ninety-three participants were included (thirty-one in each group). There were no differences in the mean age, female sex (77.4% in all groups), or BMI between the sT4 group and each control group. The median TSH level was lower (0.4 [0.04–6.5] vs. 2.7 [0.8–8.5] mIU/mL, p = 0.01) and the mean L-T4 mcg/Kg levels were higher (2.4 ± 0.6 vs. 1.6 ± 0.3, p = 0.01) in the sT4 group compared to the L-T4-replacement therapy group. Lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total femur BMD were all similar among the groups. Conclusions: sT4 does not impact BMD in young DTC patients after a median time of suppression of 8 years. These findings may help in the decision-making and risk/benefit evaluation of sT4 for this population.

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“…On the other hand, children with thyrotoxicosis have below-average height and craniosynostosis ( 66 ), and an elevated free T4 serum concentration may associate with low BMD ( 67 ) ( Figure 4 ).…”

Section: Thyroid Dysfunction (Hyperthyroidism and Hypothyroidism) Act...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine Regulation on Bone by Thyroid

Zhu

Pang

et al. 2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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BackgroundAs an endocrine organ, the thyroid acts on the entire body by secreting a series of hormones, and bone is one of the main target organs of the thyroid.SummaryThis review highlights the roles of thyroid hormones and thyroid diseases in bone homeostasis.ConclusionThyroid hormones play significant roles in the growth and development of bone, and imbalance of thyroid hormones can impair bone homeostasis.

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The Association of Thyroid Function With Bone Density During Childhood

Abstract: A higher FT4 concentration is associated with lower bone mass at the age of 6 and at the age of 10 years. These data provide insights into the effects of thyroid function on bone physiology during childhood.

Cited by 7 publications

References 36 publications

A Causality between Thyroid Function and Bone Mineral Density in Childhood: Abnormal Thyrotropin May Be Another Pediatric Predictor of Bone Fragility

A Causality between Thyroid Function and Bone Mineral Density in Childhood: Abnormal Thyrotropin May Be Another Pediatric Predictor of Bone Fragility

Effect of Suppressive Levothyroxine Therapy on Bone Mineral Density in Young Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma

Endocrine Regulation on Bone by Thyroid

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