The association of T786C and G894T polymorphisms of eNOS gene with diabetic retinopathy in Greece

Gouliopoulos, Nikolaos; Siasos, Gerasimos; Oikonomou, D; Oikonomou, Evangelos; Konsola, Theodosia; Kollia, Christina; Athanasiou, Dimitris; Dimitropoulos, Stathis; Rouvas, Alexandros; Kassi, Eva; Tousoulis, Dimitrios; Moschos, Marilita M.

doi:10.1177/11206721211054724

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…As is well-known, inflammation plays a role in retinal microvasculature damage and exists at different stages of DR. It plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of DR by increasing retinal vascular permeability and promoting neovascularization, which leads to the occurrence and development of DME and DR (33)(34)(35). Diabetic patients exhibit an overall higher level of inflammatory activity than non-diabetic patients, according to previous clinical and laboratory studies (36)(37)(38).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Macular changes following cataract surgery in eyes with early diabetic retinopathy: an OCT and OCT angiography study

Yao,

Yang,

Cheng

et al. 2023

Front. Med.

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BackgroundTo evaluate changes in macular status and choroidal thickness (CT) following phacoemulsification in patients with mild to moderate nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) using optical coherence tomography.MethodsIn this prospective study, all of the patients underwent uncomplicated phacoemulsification. Retinal superficial capillary plexus vascular density (SCP-VD), macular thickness (MT), and CT were measured pre- and postoperatively.ResultsTwenty-two eyes of 22 cataract patients with mild to moderate NPDR without diabetic macular edema (DME) and 22 controls were enrolled. BCVA increased in two groups at 3 months postoperatively. At 1 and 3 months postoperatively, SCP-VD in the diabetic retinopathy (DR) group significantly increased; changes in SCP-VD in parafovea were significantly greater in the DR group than in the control group. MT and CT in the DR group significantly increased at all visits postoperatively in the fovea and perifovea. Changes in parafoveal MT were significantly greater in the DR group than in the control group at all visits postoperatively. Changes in CT and MT in the fovea were significantly greater in patients with DR than in the controls 1 and 3 months postoperatively.ConclusionUncomplicated phacoemulsification resulted in greater increases in SCP-VD, MT and CT in patients with early DR without preoperative DME than in controls.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Macular changes following cataract surgery in eyes with early diabetic retinopathy: an OCT and OCT angiography study

Yao,

Yang,

Cheng

et al. 2023

Front. Med.

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“…Inflammatory reactions, oxidative stress, and VEGF play important roles in the development of increased vascular permeability and angiogenesis. [ 28 ] Numerous studies have investigated these pathways and their correlation to better understand the mechanism of DME. Inflammation-related cytokines, such as ICAM-1, MCP-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-1α, and IL-1β, are higher in the vitreous body and aqueous humor of DME eyes than in NE eyes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bibliometric and visualized analysis of diabetic macular edema

Wei,

Shu,

Wang

et al. 2023

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology

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Purpose: Our aim was to identify recent research trends on diabetic macular edema (DME) and focus on publications from different countries, institutions, and authors. Methods: We retrieved and analyzed data from January 1, 2003 to December 31, 2022 on the DME research field from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database. Microsoft Excel and VOSviewer were applied to perform visualization analysis and evaluate the trends. Results: A total of 4482 publications were identified, and the annual global publications increased steadily, from 36 to 390, during this period. The United States (1339 publications, 71,754 citations), Johns Hopkins University (176 publications, 17,015 citations), and Bressler NM (76 publications, 9621 citations) were the most influential and productive countries, institutions, and authors, respectively. The top 100 keywords were classified into five clusters: (1) therapy and adverse effects of DME; (2) clinical biomarkers of DME; (3) mechanistic research on DME; (4) improving bioavailability and efficacy; and (5) early diagnosis of diabetic complications. “Diabetic macular edema,” “retinopathy,” “ranibizumab,” and “optical coherence tomography angiography” were the most frequent keywords. Regarding the average appearing years (AAYs) of the keywords, “deep learning” (AAY:2020.83), “optical coherence tomography angiography” (AAY:2019.59), “intravitreal Aflibercept” (AAY:2019.29), and “dexamethasone implant” (AAY:2019.20) were recognized as the hotspots of the DME research area in the short run. Conclusion: In the past two decades, the United States was in master status in DME research. Although intravitreal drug injection has been the mainstream therapy for a long time, the effectiveness of different drugs, such as dexamethasone, new solutions for drug delivery, such as intravitreal implantation, and more accurate tools for the classification and follow-up of DME patients, such as deep learning systems, are still research hotspots.

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“…This oxidative stress impairs both glucose uptake to cells and insulin secretion, maintaining high blood sugar levels ( 10 ). Increased levels and/or expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-6) ( 11 ) activate NF-κB and its downstream pathways ( 12 , 13 ) causing disruption of the BBB ( 11 , 12 , 14 ). At the BBB, vascular endothelial cells produce ROS ( 10 , 14 ) and compromised glial cells trigger further inflammation ( 12 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time dependent effects of prolonged hyperglycemia in zebrafish brain and retina

Rowe¹,

Delbridge‐Perry²,

Bonan³

et al. 2022

Front. Ophthalmol.

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Prolonged hyperglycemia causes long-term vision complications and an increased risk of cognitive deficits. High blood sugar also confers an osmotic load/stress to cells. We assessed behavioral and neurochemical changes in zebrafish brain and retina following prolonged hyperglycemia for 4-weeks or 8-weeks. At each time point, behavior was assessed using 3-chamber choice task and optomotor response; tissue was then collected and levels of inflammatory markers, tight junction proteins, and neurotransmitters determined using Western Blots. After 4-weeks, brain levels of v-rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A (avian) (RelA; NF-kB subunit), IkB kinase (IKK), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were significantly elevated; differences in zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), claudin-5, glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) were not significant. In retina, significant differences were observed only for TH (decreased), Rel A (increased), and GFAP (increased) levels. Glucose-specific differences in initial choice latency and discrimination ratios were also observed. After 8-weeks, RelA, GAD, and TH were significantly elevated in both tissues; IKK and GFAP levels were also elevated, though not significantly. ZO-1 and claudin-5 levels osmotically decreased in retina but displayed an increasing trend in glucose-treated brains. Differences in discrimination ratio were driven by osmotic load. OMRs increased in glucose-treated fish at both ages. In vivo analysis of retinal vasculature suggested thicker vessels after 4-weeks, but thinner vessels at 8-weeks. In vitro, glucose treatment reduced formation of nodes and meshes in 3B-11 endothelial cells, suggesting a reduced ability to form a vascular network. Overall, hyperglycemia triggered a strong inflammatory response causing initial trending changes in tight junction and neuronal markers. Most differences after 4-weeks of exposure were observed in glucose-treated fish suggesting effects on glucose metabolism independent of osmotic load. After 8-weeks, the inflammatory response remained and glucose-specific effects on neurotransmitter markers were observed. Osmotic differences impacted cognitive behavior and retinal protein levels; protein levels in brain displayed glucose-driven changes. Thus, we not only observed differential sensitivities of retina and brain to glucose-insult, but also different cellular responses, suggesting hyperglycemia causes complex effects at the cellular level and/or that zebrafish are able to compensate for the continued high blood glucose levels.

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The association of T786C and G894T polymorphisms of eNOS gene with diabetic retinopathy in Greece

Cited by 6 publications

References 48 publications

Macular changes following cataract surgery in eyes with early diabetic retinopathy: an OCT and OCT angiography study

Macular changes following cataract surgery in eyes with early diabetic retinopathy: an OCT and OCT angiography study

Bibliometric and visualized analysis of diabetic macular edema

Time dependent effects of prolonged hyperglycemia in zebrafish brain and retina

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