The association of stress, HTN and DM during pregnancy

Abstract

Introduction: Along standing hypothesis is that individuals who are prone to frequent, large increases in blood pressure (BP) during psychological stress are at risk for developing essential hypertension. However, after many years of investigation, a clear understanding of the etiologic role of stress responses has not emerged. The impact of a diagnosis of GDM may lead to increased stress in pregnancy due to the demands of adherence to a treatment regimen and maternal concern about adverse outcomes for the mother and baby. studies indicates that the experience of GDM appears to be associated with increased psychological distress in comparison to the experience of non-diabetic pregnant women. This may indicate the need for psychological screening in GDM and the provision of psychological support in some cases. Materials and method: The present study was conducted by searching both English and Persian databases including magiran, SID, Google scholars, and science direct pub med by using keywords such as stress, hypertention, gestational diabetes , pregnancy ,review. At first, the researcher searched a large number of studies. Then, from among the studies searched, those that were not related to the subject of the present study were removed, and the researcher used only those studies having a proper relationship with the present study. In the present study, it was attempted to investigate the association of stress ,HTN and DM during pregnancy. Discussion: The persistence of the stressful factor destroys body resources and makes the person vulnerable against diseases and may cause physical disorders such as obesity, resistance to insulin, metabolic syndrome, gastrointestinal ulcers, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. Increased blood pressure is an important problem during pregnancy. Gestational hypertension and proteinuria are known as preeclampsia syndrome which occurs in 2-8% of pregnancies and is the direct cause of 10-15% of maternal mortalities in all countries with low, medium, and high incomes. Preeclampsia is related to preterm delivery, low weight of the baby at birth, intrauterine growth restriction, and fetus and infant mortalities. Measuring blood pressure is a common screening test in pre-delivery healthcare which is used to diagnose or predict the hypertension disease.